21 4.8. References
Text References:
Section 4.1:
Clinical Dementia Rating – an Overview | ScienceDirect Topics. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/clinical-dementia-rating. Accessed 7 Dec. 2020.
“Dementia Numbers in Canada.” Alzheimer Society of Canada, http://alzheimer.ca/en/about-dementia/what-dementia/dementia-numbers-canada.
Guo, Tong, et al. “Roles of Tau Protein in Health and Disease.” Acta Neuropathologica, vol. 133, no. 5, 2017, pp. 665–704. PubMed Central, doi:10.1007/s00401-017-1707-9.
“How Do Drugs for Alzheimer’s Disease Work?” Alzheimer’s Society, https://www.alzheimers.org.uk/about-dementia/treatments/drugs/how-do-drugs-alzheimers-disease-work.
“How Is Alzheimer’s Disease Treated?” National Institute on Aging, http://www.nia.nih.gov/health/how-alzheimers-disease-treated. Accessed 7 Dec. 2020.
Makin, Simon. “The Amyloid Hypothesis on Trial.” Nature, vol. 559, no. 7715, July 2018, pp. S4–7. www.nature.com, doi:10.1038/d41586-018-05719-4.
Mena, Maria A., et al. “The Multiple Mechanisms of Amyloid Deposition.” Prion, vol. 3, no. 1, 2009, pp. 5–11.
Selkoe, Dennis J, and John Hardy. “The Amyloid Hypothesis of Alzheimer’s Disease at 25 Years.” EMBO Molecular Medicine, vol. 8, no. 6, June 2016, pp. 595–608. PubMed Central, doi:10.15252/emmm.201606210.
“Stages of Alzheimer’s.” Alzheimer’s Disease and Dementia, www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/stages.
“Twenty Years of the Alzheimer’s Disease Amyloid Hypothesis: A Genetic Perspective.” Cell, vol. 120, no. 4, Feb. 2005, pp. 545–55. www.sciencedirect.com, doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.02.008.
Weller, Jason, and Andrew Budson. “Current Understanding of Alzheimer’s Disease Diagnosis and Treatment.” F1000Research, vol. 7, July 2018. PubMed Central, doi:10.12688/f1000research.14506.1.
Vogt, Nicholas M., et al. “Gut Microbiome Alterations in Alzheimer’s Disease.” Scientific Reports, vol. 7, no. 1, Dec. 2017, p. 13537. DOI.org (Crossref), doi:10.1038/s41598-017-13601-y.
Section 4.2:
Clemente, Jose C., et al. “The Impact of the Gut Microbiota on Human Health: An Integrative View.” Cell, vol. 148, no. 6, Mar. 2012, pp. 1258–70. DOI.org (Crossref), doi:10.1016/j.cell.2012.01.035.
The Human Microbiome Project Consortium. “Structure, Function and Diversity of the Healthy Human Microbiome.” Nature, vol. 486, no. 7402, June 2012, pp. 207–14. DOI.org (Crossref), doi:10.1038/nature11234.
Vogt, Nicholas M., et al. “Gut Microbiome Alterations in Alzheimer’s Disease.” Scientific Reports, vol. 7, no. 1, Dec. 2017, p. 13537. DOI.org (Crossref), doi:10.1038/s41598-017-13601-y.
Section 4.3:
Anahtar, Melis N., et al. “Efficient Nucleic Acid Extraction and 16S RRNA Gene Sequencing for Bacterial Community Characterization.” Journal of Visualized Experiments: JoVE, no. 110, 14 2016. PubMed, doi:10.3791/53939.
Doherty, Carolynne M., and Raeburn B. Forbes. “Diagnostic Lumbar Puncture.” The Ulster Medical Journal, vol. 83, no. 2, May 2014, pp. 93–102.
Jovel, Juan, et al. “Characterization of the Gut Microbiome Using 16S or Shotgun Metagenomics.” Frontiers in Microbiology, vol. 7, Apr. 2016. PubMed Central, doi:10.3389/fmicb.2016.00459.
Langille, Morgan G. I., et al. “Predictive Functional Profiling of Microbial Communities Using 16S RRNA Marker Gene Sequences.” Nature Biotechnology, vol. 31, no. 9, Sept. 2013, pp. 814–21. PubMed, doi:10.1038/nbt.2676.
Lukumbuzya, Michael, et al. “A Multicolor Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization Approach Using an Extended Set of Fluorophores to Visualize Microorganisms.” Frontiers in Microbiology, vol. 10, Frontiers, 2019. Frontiers, doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.01383.
Turnbaugh, Peter J., et al. “The Human Microbiome Project.” Nature, vol. 449, no. 7164, Nature Publishing Group, Oct. 2007, pp. 804–10. www.nature.com, doi:10.1038/nature06244.
Vogt, Nicholas M., et al. “Gut Microbiome Alterations in Alzheimer’s Disease.” Scientific Reports, vol. 7, no. 1, 1, Nature Publishing Group, Oct. 2017, p. 13537. www.nature.com, doi:10.1038/s41598-017-13601-y.
Section 4.4:
Hosie, Suzanne, et al. “Gastrointestinal Dysfunction in Patients and Mice Expressing the Autism-Associated R451C Mutation in Neuroligin-3.” Autism Research : Official Journal of the International Society for Autism Research, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., July 2019, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6606367/.
Kirby, Trevor O, and Javier Ochoa-Repáraz. “The Gut Microbiome in Multiple Sclerosis: A Potential Therapeutic Avenue.” Medical Sciences (Basel, Switzerland), MDPI, 24 Aug. 2018, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6163724/.
Scheperjans, Filip, et al. “Gut Microbiota Are Related to Parkinson’s Disease and Clinical Phenotype.” International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Soceity, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 5 Dec. 2014, movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/mds.26069?casa_token=CsX1GooFZesAAAAA%3AXNlFhnY_Ox2Abp9DtOoka0Pu9rKaUQoRWvZjB46cAkCM5F5Zxb3ovMbkH_LJp4OOJifWsOk-bbYAiJw.
Vogt, Nicholas M., et al. “Gut Microbiome Alterations in Alzheimer’s Disease.” Scientific Reports, vol. 7, no. 1, Dec. 2017, p. 13537. DOI.org (Crossref), doi:10.1038/s41598-017-13601-y.
Section 4.5:
Elder, Gregory A, et al. “Transgenic Mouse Models of Alzheimer’s Disease.” The Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine, New York, U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2010, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2925685/.
Mayo Clinic Staff. “What New Alzheimer’s Treatments Are on the Horizon?” Mayo Clinic, Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 19 Apr. 2019, www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/alzheimers-disease/in-depth/alzheimers-treatments/art-20047780.
Musiek, Erik S, and Suzanne E Schindler. “Alzheimer Disease: Current Concepts & Future Directions.” Missouri Medicine, Journal of the Missouri State Medical Association, 2013, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6179870/.
Ong, Kevin T. “Challenges in Dementia Studies.” IntechOpen, IntechOpen, 20 Dec. 2017, www.intechopen.com/books/alzheimer-s-disease-the-21st-century-challenge/challenges-in-dementia-studies.
Vogt, Nicholas M., et al. “Gut Microbiome Alterations in Alzheimer’s Disease.” Scientific Reports, vol. 7, no. 1, Dec. 2017, p. 13537. DOI.org (Crossref), doi:10.1038/s41598-017-13601-y.
Section 4.6:
Kowalski, Karol, and Agata Mulak. “Brain-Gut-Microbiota Axis in Alzheimer’s Disease.” Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility, vol. 25, no. 1, Jan. 2019, pp. 48–60. PubMed Central, doi:10.5056/jnm18087.
“Link between Alzheimer’s Disease and Gut Microbiota Is Confirmed.” ScienceDaily, https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/11/201113124042.htm. Accessed 7 Dec. 2020.
Liu, Shan, et al. “Gut Microbiota and Dysbiosis in Alzheimer’s Disease: Implications for Pathogenesis and Treatment.” Molecular Neurobiology, vol. 57, no. 12, Dec. 2020, pp. 5026–43. Springer Link, doi:10.1007/s12035-020-02073-3.
Vogt, Nicholas M., et al. “Gut Microbiome Alterations in Alzheimer’s Disease.” Scientific Reports, vol. 7, no. 1, Dec. 2017, p. 13537. DOI.org (Crossref), doi:10.1038/s41598-017-13601-y.
Media References:
Introduction:
Mackenzie, Debora. “We May Finally Know What Causes Alzheimer’s – and How to Stop It.” New Scientist, https://www.newscientist.com/article/2191814-we-may-finally-know-what-causes-alzheimers-and-how-to-stop-it/. Accessed 7 Dec. 2020.
Section 4.1:
Figure 1:
Alzheimer’s Disease – Alzheimer Calgary. https://www.alzheimercalgary.ca/learn/types-of-dementia/alzheimers-disease.
Figure 2:
Gordon, Dan. “Sounding the Alarm on a Future Epidemic: Alzheimer’s Disease.” UCLA, https://newsroom.ucla.edu/stories/sounding-the-alarm-on-a-future-epidemic:-alzheimer-s-disease.
Figure 3:
“Alzheimer Disease Markers Predict Subsequent Decline in Mild Cognitive Impairment.” Neurology Advisor, 27 June 2019, https://www.neurologyadvisor.com/topics/neurocognitive-disorders/alzheimer-disease-markers-predict-subsequent-decline-in-mild-cognitive-impairment/.
Figure 5:
Connelly, Dawn. “Closing in on Alzheimer’s Disease.” Pharmaceutical Journal, https://www.pharmaceutical-journal.com/news-and-analysis/infographics/closing-in-on-alzheimers-disease/20069081.article.
Figure 6:
Tau-Targeting Peptides Treat Neurodegenerative Diseases – 20170226 – University of Minnesota Office for Technology Commercialization. http://license.umn.edu/technologies/20170226_tau-targeting-peptides-treat-neurodegenerative-diseases.
Figure 7:
Simon. “A Change of Dogma for Alzheimer’s Disease?” The Science of Parkinson’s, 29 May 2016, https://scienceofparkinsons.com/2016/05/29/a-change-of-dogma-for-alzheimers-disease/.
Video:
How Alzheimer’s Changes the Brain – YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0GXv3mHs9AU&feature=youtu.be.
Section 4.2:
Figure 3:
Zhu, Lixin, et al. “Structural Changes in the Gut Microbiome of Constipated Patients.” Physiological Genomics, vol. 46, no. 18, Sept. 2014, pp. 679–86. DOI.org (Crossref), doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00082.2014.
Section 4.3:
Figure 2:
Vogt, Nicholas M., et al. “Gut Microbiome Alterations in Alzheimer’s Disease.” Scientific Reports, vol. 7, no. 1, 1, Nature Publishing Group, Oct. 2017, p. 13537. www.nature.com, doi:10.1038/s41598-017-13601-y.
Figure 3:
Lukumbuzya, Michael, et al. “A Multicolor Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization Approach Using an Extended Set of Fluorophores to Visualize Microorganisms.” Frontiers in Microbiology, vol. 10, Frontiers, 2019. Frontiers, doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.01383.
Section 4.4:
Figure 1:
Toribio-Mateas, Miguel. “Harnessing the Power of Microbiome Assessment Tools as Part of Neuroprotective Nutrition and Lifestyle Medicine Interventions.” MDPI, Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 25 Apr. 2018, www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/6/2/35/htm.
Figure 2:
Srikantha, Piranavie, and M. Hasan Mohajeri. “The Possible Role of the Microbiota-Gut-Brain-Axis in Autism Spectrum Disorder.” MDPI, Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 29 Apr. 2019, www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/20/9/2115/htm.
Figure 3:
Hoogen, Ward & Laman, Jon & Hart, Bert. Modulation of Multiple Sclerosis and Its Animal Model Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis by Food and Gut Microbiota. 2017. Frontiers in Immunology. 8. 1081. 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01081.
Figure 4:
Prados , Andreu. “New Insights into the Role of Gut Microbiota in Parkinson’s Disease.” Gut Microbiota for Health, 5 May 2020, www.gutmicrobiotaforhealth.com/new-insights-role-gut-microbiota-parkinsons-disease/.
Section 4.5:
Figure 1:
Ceberha. “A New Alzheimer’s Model to Clarify How Nerve Cells Die in AD and Test New Therapies.” Neuropathology Blog, 26 Nov. 2014, apps.pathology.jhu.edu/blogs/neuropathology/a-new-alzheimers-model-to-clarify-how-nerve-cells-die-in-ad-and-test-new-therapies/.
Section 4.6:
Figure 1:
Vogt, Nicholas M., et al. “Gut Microbiome Alterations in Alzheimer’s Disease.” Scientific Reports, vol. 7, no. 1, Dec. 2017, p. 13537. DOI.org (Crossref), doi:10.1038/s41598-017-13601-y.
Figure 2:
Smith, Peter Andrey. “The Tantalizing Links between Gut Microbes and the Brain.” Nature News, vol. 526, no. 7573, Oct. 2015, p. 312. www.nature.com, doi:10.1038/526312a.
Figure 3:
Vogt, Nicholas M., et al. “Gut Microbiome Alterations in Alzheimer’s Disease.” Scientific Reports, vol. 7, no. 1, Dec. 2017, p. 13537. DOI.org (Crossref), doi:10.1038/s41598-017-13601-y.
Figure 4:
“Figure 2 | The Human Gastrointestinal (GI)-Tract Microbiome as a Source…” ResearchGate, https://www.researchgate.net/figure/The-human-gastrointestinal-GI-tract-microbiome-as-a-source-of-strong-pro-inflammatory_fig1_319466327. Accessed 7 Dec. 2020.
Video:
Alzheimer’s Disease and the Gut Microbiome – YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2H60C8_NF-0&feature=youtu.be. Accessed 7 Dec. 2020.