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Contents
  1. Acknowledgements

  2. About This Book

  3. Changes From Adapted Resource

  4. Chapter 1 | How the Human Body Breathes - Physiology of Ventilation
    1. 1.0 Chapter Overview

    2. 1.1 Anatomy of Breathing

    3. 1.2 Mechanics of Breathing

    4. 1.3 FRC, Intrinsic PEEP and Respiratory Pressures

    5. 1.4 Ventilation

    6. 1.5 Conclusion

    7. 1.6 Self-Check

  5. Chapter 2 | Fundamentals of Mechanical Ventilation
    1. 2.0 Chapter Overview

    2. 2.1 Ventilators: The Basics

    3. 2.2 The Physiology of a Mechanically Delivered Breath

    4. 2.3 A Brief History of Control and Spontaneous Modes

    5. 2.4 Phase Variables: Control vs. Spontaneously Initiated Breaths

    6. 2.5 Oxygen on a Ventilator: Setting the FiO2

    7. 2.6 Supplemental Oxygen and Mechanical Ventilation

    8. 2.7 The Relationship between PEEP and FiO2

    9. 2.8 Basic Ventilation Modes. The Ventilation “Family Tree”

    10. 2.9 Ventilation Modes: “Alphabet Soup”

    11. 2.10 Settings and Definitions

    12. 2.11 Ventilator Settings Table

    13. 2.12 Conclusion

    14. 2.13 Self-Check

  6. Chapter 3 | Ventilator Settings
    1. 3.0 Chapter Overview

    2. 3.1 Mandatory Settings in Control Mode: A Review

    3. 3.2 Choosing Initial Settings for a Control Mode

    4. 3.3 Ideal Body Weight

    5. 3.4 Volume Control Ventilation

    6. 3.5 Pressure Control Ventilation

    7. 3.6 Ventilator Alarms

    8. 3.7 Conclusion

    9. 3.8 Self-Check

  7. Chapter 4 | Non-Invasive Respiratory Support
    1. 4.0 Chapter Overview

    2. 4.1 What is Non-Invasive Ventilation?

    3. 4.2 Indications of Non-Invasive Ventilation

    4. 4.3 Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP)

    5. 4.4 BiPAP (NIV)

    6. 4.5 Contraindications of Non-Invasive Ventilation

    7. 4.6 The Ideal Non-Invasive Ventilation Patient

    8. 4.7 NIV Machines and Interfaces

    9. 4.8 Initiation and Titration of NIV/BiPAP Settings

    10. 4.9 Checking to See if NIV is Working

    11. 4.10 Conclusion

    12. 4.11 Self-Check

  8. Chapter 5 | Ventilation Modes - Control Ventilation
    1. 5.0 Chapter Overview

    2. 5.1 Using Control Modes of Ventilation

    3. 5.2 The Time Variable

    4. 5.3 I:E Ratio

    5. 5.4 Putting It All Together: Volume, Pressure and Time

    6. 5.5 Volume Control Ventilation

    7. 5.6 Pressure Control Ventilation

    8. 5.7 Other Ventilation Modes

    9. 5.8 Conclusion

    10. 5.9 Self-Check

  9. Chapter 6 | Ventilation Modes - Spontaneous Ventilation
    1. 6.0 Chapter Overview

    2. 6.1 Spontaneous Modes: A Review

    3. 6.2 Spontaneous Modes Versus Control Modes

    4. 6.3 Indications and Contraindications for Spontaneous Modes

    5. 6.4 Types of Spontaneous Modes

    6. 6.5 Pressure Support: Settings and How to Set Them

    7. 6.6 A Word of Caution on PSV

    8. 6.7 Volume Support Ventilation

    9. 6.8 Volume Assured Pressure Support/Pressure Augmentation

    10. 6.9 Proportional Assist Ventilation

    11. 6.10 Conclusion

    12. 6.11 Self-Check

  10. Chapter 7 | Mechanical Ventilation Indications
    1. 7.0 Chapter Overview

    2. 7.1 Why Do we need mechanical ventilation - Respiratory Failure Type I

    3. 7.2 Why Do We Need Mechanical Ventilation? - Respiratory Failure Type II

    4. 7.3 Work of Breathing and the Need for Mechanical Ventilation

    5. 7.4 Conclusion

    6. 7.5 Self-Check

  11. Chapter 8 | Patient Monitoring During Mechanical Ventilation
    1. 8.0 Chapter Overview

    2. 8.1 The Theory behind Acid-Base and ABGs

    3. 8.2 Arterial Blood Gases

    4. 8.3 A Complete ABG Interpretation

    5. 8.4 Examples of Real-World ABG Interpretation

    6. 8.5 Oxygenation Status: The Final Piece

    7. 8.6 Patient-Ventilator Interaction & Graphic Representation of Ventilation

    8. 8.7 Conclusion

    9. 8.8 Self-Check

  12. Chapter 9 | Ventilatory Adjustments for Oxygenation and Ventilatory Support
    1. 9.0 Chapter Overview

    2. 9.1 Adjustments to Ventilation parameters : The Goals

    3. 9.2 Ventilation to Correct Abnormal ABGs: Key Questions

    4. 9.3 What can I fix with ventilation?

    5. 9.4 Which ventilation setting affects which ABG value?

    6. 9.5 What are the problems with the blood gas?

    7. 9.6 Which change(s) would be most correct for my patient?

    8. 9.7 How much do I change ventilation settings by?

    9. 9.8 How much do I change oxygenation settings by?

    10. 9.9 Ventilation in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

    11. 9.10 Putting it All Together: A Case Study

    12. 9.11 Conclusion

    13. 9.12 Self-Check

  13. Chapter 10 | Mechanical Ventilation Weaning and Discontinuance
    1. 10.0 Chapter Overview

    2. 10.1 PSV for Weaning Patients From Mechanical Ventilation

    3. 10.2 Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (SIMV)

    4. 10.3 Additional Weaning Strategies

    5. 10.4 Conclusion

    6. 10.5 Self-Check

  14. Versioning History

  15. References

Breathe Easy: RT Student Resource for Mechanical Ventilation

Chapter 6 | Ventilation Modes – Spontaneous Ventilation

Chapter Outline

6.0 Chapter Overview
6.1 Spontaneous Modes: A Review
6.2 Spontaneous Modes Versus Control Modes
6.3 Indications and Contraindications for Spontaneous Modes
6.4 Types of Spontaneous Modes
6.5 Pressure Support: Settings and How to Set Them
6.6 A Word of Caution on PSV
6.7 Volume Support Ventilation
6.8 Volume Assured Pressure Support/Pressure Augmentation
6.9 Proportional Assist Ventilation
6.10 Conclusion
6.11 Self-Check

 

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Breathe Easy: RT Student Resource for Mechanical Ventilation Copyright © 2023 by Fanshawe College is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.

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