3.11 Indirect Approach
When to use the indirect approach
When an audience analysis determines that a reader will (a) respond unfavourably to a message or (b) need to be persuaded, effective writers use the indirect approach.
The indirect approach is used when delivering bad news such as
- refusing a credit request
- announcing an increase in rates
- downsizing employee count
- refusing a proposal
The indirect approach is also used when persuasion is required. Examples include
- requesting a favour
- introducing a new product or service (sales letter)
- applying for a position (resume cover letter)
- convincing people to accept a change that might affect them unfavourably (major restructuring changes with a company)
The table below provides two models for indirect approach writing and contrasts them to the direct approach. Notice that in the indirect approach, the main point is presented in the middle paragraphs.
| Indirect Approach for Bad News | Indirect Approach for Persuasion | Direct Approach for Routine Messages | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Opening |
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| Middle | (first part)
(second part)
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| Close |
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