Chapter 2: The Writing Process 1: Preparing

Learning Objectives

1. Distinguish between general and specific purposes for writing.
2. Analyze primary and secondary audiences using common profiling techniques
3. Identify techniques for adjusting writing style according to audience size, position relative to you, knowledge of your topic, and demographic.
4. Distinguish between communication channels to determine which is most appropriate for particular situations.
5. ENL1813 Course Learning Requirement 1: Plan, write, revise, and edit short documents and messages that are organized, complete, and tailored to specific audiences.
   1. Identify your audience and purpose for writing (ENL1813GHIMPST CLR 1.1)
   2. Anticipate audience expectations (ENL1813R CLR 5.1)
   3. Use pre-writing strategies to generate ideas, as well as select and limit a topic (ENL1813GMPS CLR 1.2)
   4. Write with an understanding of the audience, purpose, and appropriate format for the task (ENL1813A CLR 1.1)
   5. Select appropriate channels for delivering messages (ENL1813HIT CLR 1.2)
   6. Incorporate elements of business writing style (ENL1813B CLR 1.4)
6. ENL1813 Course Learning Requirement 7: Select and use common, basic information technology tools to support communication.
   1. Identify common technology tools used to support communication (ENL1813ABHMRST CLR 7.1)
   2. Identify the strengths and drawbacks of various communication technologies (ENL1813GP CLR 7.2)
   3. Select the technology appropriate for the task (ENL1813BGHMPRST CLR 7.2/3)

Like communication in general, good writing comes from following a process. Between an author hatching an idea and the audience reading and understanding that idea, the writing process enables the author to craft messages in a time-efficient manner that ultimately meets the needs of the audience. Without following a four-stage process from (1) preparing to (2) information gathering, to (3) drafting, to (4) editing through to sending the message (see Fig. 2 below), an author can waste plenty of their own time writing what doesn’t need to be written and wasting the reader’s time by confusing them with a message that doesn’t meet their needs. The next four chapters deal with each of these four writing stages, dividing them into several steps that, when followed as a matter of habit, can save you time by helping you write no more or less than you need to in achieving your professional communication goals.

Figure 2: The four-stage writing process and Stage 1 breakdown

• 2.1: Knowing Your Purpose for Writing
• 2.2: Analyzing Your Audience
• 2.3: Selecting Appropriate Channels