Phillip’s Story

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Applicable Courses

  • Health Promotion and Active Living
  • Social Determinants of Health
  • Human Anatomy and Physiology
  • Human Pathophysiology/Altered Physiology
  • Health Research
  • Mental Health and Disabilities

Philip’s Story

A word cloud in the shape of a child's sillhouette, made up of the components of self-identity: interests, principles, goals, beliefs, talents, habits, emotions, dreams, career, and physical features.

Phillip was born in a small town in northern Ontario in 1979 to biracial parents. His father, Jack, was Ojibway, and his mother, Mary, was Anglican. He was six years old when he became a big brother to Nancy. Phillip was known as a ‘sensitive boy’ when he was younger. He did not have any interest in sports, much to his father’s dismay. Phillip loved to spend time with his mother: cuddling on her lap, helping her out in the kitchen, and watching her get ready for parties.

Once Phillip started school, some of the other children bullied him: calling him names, physically pushing him around, and ostracizing him when it came time for teamwork.

As the siblings grew older, Phillip watched his sister Nancy play numerous sports while his father cheered her on and commented to Phillip that “this was what he should be doing if he was a real boy.” Phillip’s self-esteem plummeted. He would often ask himself “what is wrong with me?”

Once he started high school, Phillip felt even more alone and more confused. He was not interested in sports or girls like his classmates. He secretly had a ‘crush’ on another boy at his high school but did not dare to act upon his feelings. By grade 11, Phillip could no longer take the bullying of his schoolmates, the whispers and comments from the small community in which he lived, and the disappointment he saw on his father’s face every day.


Two men kissing on a beach.

At 16, Phillip left his small hometown without a word to anyone, and headed for Toronto. There he soon found a community of individuals that accepted him. It was an exciting time for Phillip, with drinking, drugs, and multiple same-sex partners. This reckless lifestyle continued for many years. His drinking increased and eventually he began using IV drugs. Phillip went from one relationship to another, often having multiple partners at the same time. He had no contact with his family since he left home, and often wondered if they cared where he was and what he was doing. He had called home a number of times, but hung up as soon as someone answered the phone.

It was in the late fall of 2008 that Phillip came down with the “flu”.

Flu-like symptoms can include:

  • Fever
  • Chills
  • Rash
  • Night sweats
  • Muscle aches
  • Sore throat
  • Fatigue
  • Swollen lymph nodes
  • Mouth ulcers

These symptoms lasted a few weeks, but eventually Phillip started feeling better. His close friends were concerned about his weight loss and suggested that he get tested for HIV. Phillip was not concerned because he was feeling better, and thought to himself “I use condoms most times, HIV could not possibly happen to me.” He continued with his reckless lifestyle for another ten years.


Phillip had been feeling unwell again. He had lost even more weight, was tired all the time, and noticed ‘blotches’ on his face and in his mouth.

After three months with no improvement, Phillip went to a local medical clinic for assessment. The attending physician provided testing to confirm his suspicions of HIV/AIDS.

With positive results, Phillip was referred to a specialist trained in treating HIV.

Three hands reaching for a red HIV/AIDS ribbon, overlaid over the world map.

The specialist ordered further testing to determine the stage of the disease and the best treatment options. He ordered other lab tests to check for a number of infections or complications often related to HIV.

Phillip was distraught over the diagnosis and treatment. He felt like this was a death sentence. After much consideration, he decided to reach out to his sister for support.

Nancy was sympathetic, but stated that there was not much she could do to help out as her ‘plate was overflowing’ at present. She did suggest that Phillip could come visit Nancy and her family once a month, but when he found out his parents were living there too, he quickly declined the offer.

Phillip contemplated trying to reach out to his father’s people. He had struggled all his life with feeling like he didn’t belong. Would they accept him?

Phillip is considered a two spirited person (both male and female spirits). Two spirited people were held in high regard. However, due to residential schools and the church’s influence on Indigenous people, many were taught that this type of lifestyle was unacceptable. While many communities would not accept Phillip, many others were now coming around and realizing that rejecting him for his gender and sexuality was not their traditional way. However, if the community was very traditional, Phillip’s drug use could also be a problem.

Case Key Words

  • Addiction
  • AIDS
  • Biracial
  • HIV
  • Homosexual
  • Indigenous
  • IV drug use
  • LGBTQ+
  • Risk behaviours
  • Self-identity

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Multi-Course Case Studies in Health Sciences Copyright © 2021 by Laura Banks; Brenda Barth; Robert Balogh; Adam Cole; Mika Nonoyama; Elita Partosoedarso; and Otto Sanchez is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.

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