32 Main Ideas
Week 9
Fluid Statics
Concept Map of the Week
Note: image by Chudaeva, E. (2022).
Concept Trailer
Buoyancy
Watch this video.
Then watch the video again and answer the following questions:
- How buoyancy force is defined in this video?
- Explain the Archimedes Principle.
- Compare force of buoyancy with force of gravity for a descending object, a suspended object in a liquid, and an ascending object.
- Does force of buoyancy exist only in water?
- What is buoyancy compensator device? How it is used?
Key Terms
Review the following key terms (Glossary chapter 11):
absolute pressure
the sum of gauge pressure and atmospheric pressure
adhesive forces
the attractive forces between molecules of different types
Archimedes’ principle
the buoyant force on an object equals the weight of the fluid it displaces
buoyant force
the net upward force on any object in any fluid
capillary action
the tendency of a fluid to be raised or lowered in a narrow tube
cohesive forces
the attractive forces between molecules of the same type
density
the mass per unit volume of a substance or object
diastolic pressure
the minimum blood pressure in the artery
fluids
liquids and gases; a fluid is a state of matter that yields to shearing forces
gauge pressure
the pressure relative to atmospheric pressure
intraocular pressure
fluid pressure in the eye
Pascal’s Principle
a change in pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted undiminished to all portions of the fluid and to the walls of its container
pressure
the weight of the fluid divided by the area supporting it
specific gravity
the ratio of the density of an object to a fluid (usually water)
surface tension
the cohesive forces between molecules which cause the surface of a liquid to contract to the smallest possible surface area
systolic pressure
the maximum blood pressure in the artery
More terms can be found in the textbook Glossary.
Changes in States of Matter
Image credit: M.manary. (2007). Wikimedia Commons. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:States_of_Matter.JPG
