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Contents
  1. Preface

  2. Introduction

  3. Attribution

  4. Land Affirmation

  5. Accessibility Statement

  6. 1. Overview of Canadian Law
    1. Background

    2. Establishing Standards

      1. Promoting Consistency
      2. Resolving Disputes
    3. The Rule of Law

    4. Business Law, Ethics, and Regulation

    5. Source and Types of Law

    6. Substance versus Procedure

    7. Public vs Private Law

    8. Cause of Action

    9. Courts In Canada

    10. Legal Systems of the World

    11. Conclusion

    12. Questions for Discussion

    13. Additional Resources

  7. 2. Legal Risk Management
    1. Overview

    2. An Approach to Evaluating Risk

    3. A Model for Evaluating Legal Risk

    4. Mitigating and Managing Legal Risk

    5. An Introduction to Mathematics of Risk

    6. Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) Processes for Mitigating Risk

    7. Conclusion

    8. Cases of Interest

    9. Additional Resources

  8. 3. Business Ethics and Social Responsibility
    1. Business Ethics

    2. Social Responsibility

    3. Conclusion

    4. Terms and Definitions

    5. Cases of Interest

    6. Questions for Discussion

    7. Additional Resources

    8. ENDNOTES

  9. 4. Business Legislation in Canada
    1. Overview

    2. The Constitution Act and the Duty to Consult Indigenous Peoples

    3. Sale of Goods Act

    4. Consumer Protection Act

    5. The Competition Act

    6. Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999

    7. Personal Property Security Act (Ontario) (OPPSA)

    8. Conclusion

    9. Cases of Interest

    10. Additional Resources

  10. 5. Business Organization – Business Structures
    1. Business in Canada

    2. Sole Proprietor

    3. Partnerships

    4. Corporations

    5. Mergers, Consolidations, and Dissolutions

    6. Cases of Interest

    7. Questions for Discussion

    8. Additional Resources

  11. 6. Contract Law
    1. What Is a Contract?

    2. Offer

    3. Assignment, Delegation, and Third Party

    4. Remedies

    5. Sample Contract Structure

    6. Common Mistakes in Contract Writing

    7. Conclusion

    8. Cases of Interest

    9. Questions for Discussion

    10. Additional Resources

  12. 7. The Tort System
    1. Tort Law Overview

    2. Intentional Torts

    3. Unintentional Torts

    4. Other Torts

    5. Conclusion

    6. Cases of Interest

    7. Questions for Discussion

    8. Additional Resources

  13. 8. Labour Law
    1. Labour Law - Overview

    2. Labour Law – Agency

    3. Labour Law - Employment

    4. Employment Law Jurisdictions

    5. Conclusion

    6. Cases of Interest

    7. Questions for Discussion

    8. Additional Resources

  14. 9. Canadian Property Law
    1. Chapter Outline

    2. Introduction

    3. Personal Property

      1. Methods of Acquiring Personal Property
    4. Real Property

      1. Methods of Acquiring Real Property
    5. Interests and Scope

      1. Duties of Landowners
      2. Ownership Interests in Real Property
      3. Scope of Interests in Real Property
    6. Wills and Trusts

    7. Land Use Regulation

    8. Introduction to Secured Transactions

      1. Other Types of Collateral
      2. Attachment of a Security Interest
      3. Perfection of a Security Interest
    9. Conclusion

    10. Cases of Interest

    11. Questions for Discussion

    12. Additional Resources

  15. 10. Intellectual Property
    1. Introduction

    2. Patents

    3. Trademarks

    4. Copyright

    5. Trade Secrets

    6. Conclusion

    7. Cases of Interest

    8. Question for Discussion

    9. Additional Resources

  16. 11. Technology and the Law
    1. Introduction

    2. Technology and Jurisdiction

      1. Long-Arm Statutes
      2. Extra-Territorial Reach
      3. Foreign Actions
    3. Technology and Privacy

      1. What is confidential information in Canada? 
    4. Technology and Contract Law

    5. Technology and Tort Law

    6. Technology and Regulations

      1. The Privacy Act
      2. Freedom of Information and Personal Privacy Act (FIPPA – Ontario)
      3. The Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA)
      4. Provincial Privacy Laws
      5. Canada’s Anti-Spam Legislation (CASL)
      6. Acts Under Consideration:
      7. European Union (EU) General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
    7. Technology and Bias

    8. Conclusion

    9. Cases of Interest

    10. Questions for Discussion

    11. Additional Resources

  17. 12. Introduction to Bankruptcy
    1. Chapter Outline

    2. Bankruptcy

      1. Bankruptcy and First Nations
      2. Voluntary and Involuntary Bankruptcy
    3. Types of Bankruptcy

      1. Division 1 Proposals
      2. Division 2 Proposal (Consumer Proposals)
    4. Duty of Good Faith

    5. Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (BIA)

    6. The Companies Creditors Arrangement Act (CCAA)

    7. Bankruptcy Court

      1. Roles of Receiver and Trustee
      2. Discharge of Debtor
    8. Conclusion

    9. Definitions

    10. Cases of Interest

    11. Questions for Discussion

    12. Additional Resources

  18. 13. Criminal Liability
    1. Introduction

    2. The Nature of Criminal Law

    3. Burden of Proof

    4. Classification of Crimes

      1. Indictable, Summary, and Hybrid
      2. White-Collar Crime
      3. Common Business Crimes
    5. Corporate Criminal Liability

    6. Conclusion

    7. Cases of Interest

    8. Questions for Discussion

    9. Additional Resources

  19. 14. International Law
    1. Introduction to International Law

      1. Introduction
    2. Sources and Practice of International Law

    3. International Law Enforcement

    4. The Nature of International Law

    5. Conclusion

    6. Cases of Interest

    7. Questions for Discussion

    8. Additional Resources

Business Law and Ethics Canadian Edition

7. The Tort System

Additional Resources

Tort Law: Cases and CommentaRies (2021)

  • https://www.canlii.org/en/commentary/doc/2021CanLIIDocs1859#!fragment/zoupio-_Toc109979010/BQCwhgziBcwMYgK4DsDWszIQewE4BUBTADwBdoAvbRABwEtsBaAfX2zgEYAGATh4HYeXbgEoANMmylCEAIqJCuAJ7QA5KrERCYXAnmKV6zdt0gAynlIAhFQCUAogBl7ANQCCAOQDC9saTAARtCk7CIiQA

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Next: 8. Labour Law

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Icon for the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License

Business Law and Ethics Canadian Edition Copyright © 2023 by Craig Ervine is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.

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