10.11 References & Media Attributions

References

Ashton, J., & Seymour, H. (February 16, 2010). Public Health and the origins of the Mersey Model of Harm Reduction. International Journal of Drug Policy, 21, 94-96. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0955395910000058?via%3Dihub

Canada. (December 2021b). Federal actions on opioids to date. Government of Canada. https://www.canada.ca/content/dam/hc-sc/documents/services/substance-use/problematic-prescription-drug-use/opioids/responding-canada-opioid-crisis/federal-actions/federal-action-opioids-to-date-june-eng.pdf

Canada. (December 2021c). Opioid- and stimulant-related harms in Canada. Government of Canada. https://health-infobase.canada.ca/substance-related-harms/opioids-stimulants/

Canadian Centre on Substance Use and Addiction (CCSA). (n.d.). Lived and living. https://www.ccsa.ca/lived-and-living

Canadian Drug Policy Coalition (CDPC). (October 7, 2020). Discussion guide: Getting to tomorrow – Ending the overdose crisis, beyond COVID-19. https://gettingtotomorrow.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Discussion-Guide-EN.pdf.

Canadian HIV AIDS Legal Network. (July 2019). Prison-based needle and syringe programs: Myths & facts. https://www.hivlegalnetwork.ca/site/prison-based-needle-and-syringe-programs/?lang=en

Canadian Mental Health Association (CMHA). (n.d.). Harm reduction. https://ontario.cmha.ca/harm-reduction/

Canadian Observatory on Homelessness. (June 1, 2016). Reducing harm, saving money: Results from a managed alcohol program in Ontario. Homeless Hub. https://www.homelesshub.ca/blog/reducing-harm-saving-money-results-managed-alcohol-program-ontario

CBC News. (March 25, 2021). Harm reduction dispensing machine now operating in Sackville. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/new-brunswick/harm-reduction-vending-machine-sackville-1.5963339

Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH). (May 10, 2019). Overview of methadone maintenance treatment. https://www.porticonetwork.ca/web/knowledgex-archive/amh-specialists/overview-mmt

Csete, J. & Elliott, R. (May 21, 2021). Consumer protection in drug policy: The human rights case for safe supply as an element of harm reduction. International Journal of Drug Policy, 91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2020.102976

Department of Justice Canada. (n.d.). Principles – Respecting the Government for Canada’s relationship with Indigenous peoples. https://www.justice.gc.ca/eng/csj-sjc/postereng.pdf 

Drug Policy Alliance. (n.d.). Naloxone. https://drugpolicy.org/issues/naloxone

Drug Policy Coalition. (May 4, 2021). Dispelling myths & fears around harm reduction. https://www.drugpolicy.ca/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/Evidence-Page-PDF3.pdf

First Nations Health Authority. (November 25, 2017). Indigenous harm reduction principles and practices: Fact sheet. https://www.fnha.ca/WellnessSite/WellnessDocuments/FNHA-Indigenous-Harm-Reduction-Principles-and-Practices-Fact-Sheet.pdf

First Nations Health Authority. (January-December 2020). First Nations in BC and the toxic drug crisis. https://www.fnha.ca/AboutSite/NewsAndEventsSite/NewsSite/Documents/FNHA-First-Nations-in-BC-and-the-Toxic-Drug-Crisis-January-December-2020-Infographic.pdf

Harm Reduction International. (n.d.). What is harm reduction? https://www.hri.global/what-is-harm-reduction

Health Canada. (May 15, 2019). Government of Canada approves new treatment options for opioid use disorder and supports research treatment & harm reduction projects in Ontario. https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/news/2019/05/government-of-canada-approves-new-treatment-options-for-opioid-use-disorder-and-supports-research-treatment-and-harm-reduction-projects-in-ontario.html

Health Canada. (2021). Supervised consumption sites and services: Explained. https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/substance-use/supervised-consumption-sites/explained.html

Hyshka, E., Anderson-Baron, J., Karekezi, K., Belle-Isle, L., Elliott, R., Pauly, B., Strike, C., Asbridge, M., Dell, C., McBride, K., Hathaway, A. & Wild, T. (2017). Harm reduction in name, but not substance: A comparative analysis of current Canadian provincial and territorial policy frameworks. Harm Reduction Journal, 14(50). https://harmreductionjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12954-017-0177-7 

Interagency Coalition on AIDS and Development. (n.d.). 13 Moons harm reduction: Promising practices in Indigenous harm reduction. http://www.icad-cisd.com/pdf/Publications/13-moons-promising-practice.pdf

Ivsins, A., Pauly, B., Brown, M., Evans, J., Gray, E., Schiff, R., Krysowaty, B., Vallance, K. & Stockwell, T.  (April 9, 2019). On the outside looking in: Finding a place for managed alcohol programs in the harm reduction movement. International Journal of Drug Policy, 67, 58-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2019.02.004

Jesseman, R. & Payer, D. (June 2018). Decriminalization: Options & evidence. Canadian Centre on Substance Use & Addiction. https://www.ccsa.ca/sites/default/files/2019-04/CCSA-Decriminalization-Controlled-Substances-Policy-Brief-2018-en.pdf

Johnson, M. (May 2, 2021). Meet the people putting Indigenous culture at the heart of addictions treatment. CBC News. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/reconnecting-saves-lives-1.6010361

Kermin, N., Manoni-Millar, S., Cormier, L. Cahill, T. & Sylvestre, J. (May 31, 2020). It’s not just injecting drugs – Supervised consumption sites & the social determinants of health. Drug & Alcohol Dependence, 213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108078

Lavalley, J., Kastor, S., Valleriani, J., & McNeil, R. (December 17, 2018). Reconciliation & Canada’s overdose crisis: Responding to the needs of Indigenous Peoples. Canadian Medical Association Journal (CMAJ), 190, 1466-1467. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.181093

Miller, T. (May 6, 2020). The Harm-reduction quandary of reducing adult smoking while dissuading youth initiation. American Journal of Public Health, 110(6). 788-789. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2020.305688

National Harm Reduction Coalition. (2020). Principles of harm reduction. https://harmreduction.org/about-us/principles-of-harm-reduction/

O’Hare, P. (February 6, 2007). Merseyside, the first harm reduction conferences, and the early history of harm reduction. International Journal of Drug Policy, 18(2), 141-144. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0955395907000047?via%3Dihub

Ontario. (n.d.). Recognize and temporarily reverse an opioid overdose. https://www.ontario.ca/page/get-naloxone-kits-free

Smith, A. (March 29, 2021). Canada’s hidden crisis: How COVID-19 overshadowed the worst year on record for overdose deaths. Calgary Herald. https://calgaryherald.com/news/postpandemic/canadas-hidden-crisis-how-covid-19-overshadowed-the-worst-year-on-record-for-overdose-deaths

Stockwell, T. (October 14, 2019). Canada needs an alcohol act to address the damage of this deadly carcinogen. The Conversation. https://theconversation.com/canada-needs-an-alcohol-act-to-address-the-damage-caused-by-this-deadly-carcinogen-124569

The Chief Staff. (March 11, 2021). Stop calling it an ‘overdose” crisis, Squamish. The Squamish Chief. https://www.squamishchief.com/opinion/editorial-stop-calling-it-an-overdose-crisis-squamish-3533325

Tyndall, M. (2020). A safer drug supply: A pragmatic and ethical response to the overdoes crisis. Canadian Medical Association Journal (CMAJ), 192(34), E986-987. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.201618

Understanding harm reduction: Substance use. (February, 2020). HealthLinkBC File Number 102a. https://www.healthlinkbc.ca/healthlinkbc-files/understanding-harm-reduction-substance-use

van den Berg, C., Smit, C, van Brussel, G., Coutinho, R. & Prins, M. (2007). Full participation in harm reduction programmes is associated with decreased risk for human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus: Evidence from the Amsterdam Cohort Studies among drug users. Addiction, 102, 1454-1462. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2007.01912.x

van Saten, D., Coutinho, R., van den Hoek, A., van Brussel, G., Buster, M. & Prins, M. (2021). Lessons learned from the Amsterdam Cohort Studies among people who use drugs: A historical perspective. Harm Reduction Journal, 18(2). https://harmreductionjournal.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s12954-020-00444-6.pdf

Media Attributions

Algonquin College Library. (April 20, 2018). Umbrella Project Module 3-Myth vs Fact [Video]. YouTube.  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PLWbWGpp7FM

ANKORS. (August 28, 2019). The harm reduction vending machine [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a_2WPwadirE

CBC. (2008). Staying alive [Video]. The Fifth Estate. https://www.cbc.ca/player/play/1367469592

CBC The National. (August 28, 2019). Free heroin: The B.C. clinic providing an alternative to dangerous street drugs [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7elDlhiFXlA

Cyfraw. (November 2011). Flag of the Netherlands.png [Photograph]. Wikimedia Commons. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Netherlands.png

Fox, E. (April 2015). Safe consumption site [Photograph]. Talking Drugs. https://www.talkingdrugs.org/es/francia-aprueba-innovador-proyecto-de-ley-que-permite-las-habitaciones-para-consumir-drogas 

Haines, H. (January, 2020). Photo of Man laying on sidewalk [Photograph]. Pexels. https://www.pexels.com/photo/photo-of-man-laying-on-sidewalk-3536259/ 

Living-Learning Programs. (October 2015). Insite Supervised Injection Site [Photograph]. Flickr. https://www.flickr.com/photos/living-learning/22168378995 

RiedleroD. (July 2021). Flag of the United Kingdom (3-5).svg [Photograph]. Wikimedia Commons. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_(3-5).svg

SpinnerLaserzthe2nd. (September 2020). Flag of Canada (WFB).svg [Photograph]. Wikimedia Commons. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_of_Canada_(WFB).svg

Stonetree Harm Reduction. (n.d.). HepC BBV [Photograph]. https://stonetreeaus.wordpress.com/gallery/#jp-carousel-1690 

Stonetree Harm Reduction. (n.d.). MDMA poster [Photograph]. Stonetree Harm Reduction. https://stonetreeaus.wordpress.com/gallery/#jp-carousel-2055    

TED. (May 9, 2018). The harm reduction model of drug addiction treatment — Mark Tyndall [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/cfzkBGgxXGE

TEDx Talks. (December 3, 2019). Health & harm reduction: Rethinking conventional drug use & policy — Jeffrey Hom [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/7HP1a48MNFM

The Canadian Press. (January 27, 2020). Vending machine dispenses heroin substitute for at-risk users [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/OTx_Z58ZGwY

Unknown author. (2011). Injection kit Vancouver [Photograph]. https://www.opiateaddictionresource.com/media/images/harm_reduction/ 

Cover Photo:  Menguzzato, C. (February 2015). Ireland takes steps toward first drug consumption room [Photograph]. Talking Drugs. https://www.talkingdrugs.org/ireland-takes-steps-toward-first-drug-consumption-room