3.6 Key Terms

Bona fide occupational qualification (BFOQ) is a justifiable reason for direct discrimination. (3.4)

Code of ethics is a policy that guides the business and its employees to act with integrity and honesty in all its daily operations and to create and support actions that promote some benefit to society as a whole. (3.4)

Direct discrimination or intentional discrimination occurs when a decision is made based on one of the categories protected by the legislation. (3.4)

Diversity is the practice of involving people from a wide range of various ethnic and social backgrounds. (3.1)

Duty to Accommodate  is when the courts place an additional responsibility on organizations when it comes to discrimination. (3.4)

Ethics looks at justifications for people’s moral judgments, and what is considered right or wrong, just or unjust (3.1)

Harassment is behaviour that annoys or troubles another employee. (3.2)

Human rights legislation includes This law protects intentional and unintentional discrimination in the workplace (3.2)

Indirect discrimination or unintentional discrimination is a rule that singles out a group of people that results in unequal treatment. (3.4)

Intentional Torts are serious, deliberate acts that harm people, or someone has interfered with another person’s rights. (3.2)

Job relatedness refers to the requirement that employment decisions be based on the requirements of a position. (3.4)

Protected grounds means race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability or conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been ordered. Idem: where the ground of discrimination is pregnancy or child-birth, the discrimination shall be deemed to be on the ground of sex. Idem: Where the ground of discrimination is refusal/request to take a genetic tests, disclose or authorize disclosure of results, the discrimination shall be deemed to be on the group of genetic characteristics. (3.2)

Rights are legal, social or ethical principles of freedoms and entitlement.  (3.1)

Tort Law provides compensation for people who are injured, or has had their property damaged by others. It is considered private law. It acts as a punishment to provide damages. (3.2)

Torts of Negligence or Unintentional Torts are injuries incurred because of carelessness on the part of another person.  (3.2)

Undue hardship is the point where the accommodation either (a) costs too much, or (b) creates health or safety risks for employees. Thus, undue hardship is a relative concept that varies based on the context. (3.4)

Work-life balance is increasingly important aspect of life for people who are seeking a balance between their professional and personal lives. (3.1)