3 Teaching and learning

Introduction

In your courses, you’ll share your expertise, interact with your students, and inspire the next generation of professionals. You play an important role in their experience. Thank you for your efforts!

This section describes how to design and teach your courses. Our objective is to provide key information and to bring together the services and resources that can help you.

Teaching is an opportunity for you to reflect further and to improve yourself continuously. We encourage you to put together a portfolio for tenure and promotion purposes, for grant applications and for teaching awards.

It’s important to reflect on your teaching and strategies regularly to enhance the quality of the learning experience. The Teaching and Learning Support Service (TLSS) can help you put together a teaching portfolio that you can use for tenure or promotion purposes, grant applications and nominations for teaching excellence awards.

Equity, diversity and inclusion: Obligations and resources

Creating inclusive courses

The University of Ottawa provides an equitable and inclusive learning experience for everyone. We encourage you to provide support and accommodation measures to ensure that students with disabilities have equitable access to and can take part fully in their learning environments, while minimizing the impact of barriers in those environments. To find out more about your obligations, see the “Academic accommodations” section.

We encourage you to explore the resources available to you to make your courses as equitable, diverse and inclusive as possible. To that end, the TLSS offers support on its inclusive pedagogies webpages as well as workshops and other training sessions.

In addition, the Library has resources and considerable expertise on how you can make your courses more inclusive. They are described further in the “EDI resources” section.

Before your course

Course design and preparation

When possible, ask your colleagues or your resource department for material from previous courses (e.g., syllabi, course notes, assignments, exams). The Teaching and Learning Support Service (TLSS)  can help you with all course elements: pedagogical design, creation of an inclusive environment that includes research in education, teaching strategies to promote student learning and engagement, technological  tools to help you achieve your goals, variations in the types of courses (face to face, hybrid, etc.), management of large groups, learning assessment, online learning activities, etc. The Library can help you find, for example, open educational resources, which can often be adapted with ease.

There are important matters that must never be neglected when designing and preparing new courses. The graphic provides an overview of steps in designing a course. The TLSS can assist you through its new webpages on inclusion in the classroom and through the training sessions it provides, for example. An estimate of student workload could be helpful in your planning.

 

Although there’s a lot you can do to provide high quality courses, you don’t have to do it all your first year!

You should also know that experiential learning is a priority at the University of Ottawa. Think of ways to include experiential learning in your courses and programs. The Career and Experiential Learning Centre  (CELC) can provide you with information in that regard, and the TLSS can assist you as well.

EDI resources

The Library makes accessible publications available to students and professors who, due to a sensory impairment, require them in alternative formats. It also provides accessible workstations that include a range of software applications. For more information, see the Library accessibility services.

The Library also offers research guides, with a range of resources and content that support the principles of equity, diversity and inclusion. Some examples:

The Library has also produced an OER (Open Educational Resources) by Discipline Guide, which includes a section on inclusion, diversity, accessibility, anti-racism and equity, as well as on Indigenization and decolonization. Contact your research librarian for assistance in locating additional resources related to your teaching or research area.

Assessments

Assessments (also called evaluations) are important tools for measuring student learning. At the same time, they’re one of their biggest sources of stress. You’ll therefore need to prepare fair and inclusive evaluations that reflect your course’s anticipated learning outcomes and promote academic integrity. The TLSS and academic integrity webpages have relevant information and training (e.g. Assessing student learning).

Good communication of (learning and academic integrity) expectations, anticipated learning outcomes and evaluation formats (e.g., types of questions, length) is essential, both before and after evaluations.

The University has a number of academic regulations on the subject of assessments, particularly Academic Regulation A-8 (Evaluation of Student Learning).

You should consider the following issues in particular:

Students have the right to provide answers on assessments in the language of their choice (English or French), regardless of the language in which courses are taught (Academic Regulation A-1).

The final exam or its equivalent can’t count for less than 30% or more than 60% of the final grade (Academic Regulation A-8).

Exams and assignments must be kept for one year (Academic Regulation A-8).

We use a grading system out of 10 (Academic Regulation A-3).

Grades are to be kept confidential and disclosed to the student in question only.

The University’s expectations concerning academic integrity and related procedures are described in Academic Regulation A-4.

 

We have obligations in terms of religious accommodations (Academic Regulation A-5) and academic accommodations (Academic Regulation A-6, Ventus). There are also academic regulations (Academic Regulations C) that apply to graduate studies.

 

Academic integrity

The Professor Zone of the Academic Integrity website contains resources for communicating expectations (e.g., in syllabi and instructions for evaluations), designing evaluations that measure learning and maximize integrity, understanding the grounds for academic misconduct, promoting academic integrity in courses and applying processes for recognizing academic misconduct (including IT related), reporting suspected misconduct and deciding on consequences (e.g., pedagogical approach).

Academic Regulation A-4 – Academic Integrity and Academic Misconduct sets out expectations, processes and stakeholder responsibilities in the event of suspected academic misconduct.

In such situations, document the allegation and notify the dean’s office. Academic misconduct issues are not the responsibility of professors.

The Student Zone also contains resources:

  • Training in academic integrity, which all new University of Ottawa students are required to take via Virtual Campus (Brightspace) during their first year.
  • Resources explaining why it’s important to work with integrity, particularly in terms of the student’s career, and how to go about it.
  • Advice in the event of suspected academic misconduct by students, including their rights and responsibilities, resources, etc.

 

Syllabus

A syllabus is more than a source of important information. It lays the foundation for a positive and welcoming atmosphere. The Accessible Syllabus webpage is chock-full of recommendations for making syllabi more readable, inclusive and accessible.

At the University of Ottawa, we use a syllabus design and management tool called Simple Syllabus. It is a template, in a way. Simple Syllabus is effective because it draws on common syllabus content to generate the key (and compulsory) components of your syllabi. We recommend that you put the most important information at the beginning, since students will probably use the syllabus as a reference instead of reading it all the way through.

Hand out your syllabus at the start of the term, by the end of the first regularly scheduled course (Academic Regulation A-2).

A syllabus should contain the following information, at a minimum:

  • The course description approved by the Senate
  • Learning outcomes
  • Teaching methods
  • Evaluation methods and weighting of grades
  • List of compulsory and recommended readings
  • Calendar of activities and evaluations
  • Course attendance requirements
  • Your contact information and office hours
  • Reference to the Regulation on academic integrity and academic misconduct
  • The following paragraph from Academic Regulation A-1 on Bilingualism:

“Except in programs and courses for which language is a requirement, all students have the right to produce their written work and to answer examination questions in the official language of their choice, regardless of the course’s language of instruction.”

We recommend that you also include your expectations as regards academic integrity (see the template in the Professor Zone) and that you have your students ask questions should something not be clear. We also suggest you include a link to the Academic Regulation on academic integrity and academic misconduct.

Lastly, we encourage you to add a list of mental health support services, or a link to the Health and Wellness webpage. Show your students that you care about them. They’ll appreciate it, for sure.

Syllabi should be available online. To that end, we suggest you post each of your syllabi in your Brightspace course space so that it can be consulted and printed out if necessary.

Syllabi not only detail the knowledge and skills students will acquire — they also help avoid misunderstandings should something unexpected happen. For example, should a student appeal a grade, the syllabus will be a critical source of information.

 

Course logistics

Virtual campus (Brightspace)

Virtual Campus (Brightspace), a learning management system, is used to organize courses, communicate with students (announcements, syllabus, list of compulsory readings, quizzes, etc.) and disseminate grades securely. This learning management system is widely used on campus.

You can connect to the platform using your uOttawa.ca address. On your Brightspace page, you can create a course by selecting the Maestro link (at the top of the menu on the right-hand side of the page). The Maestro portal describes the steps for creating a site for your course. The site will normally be online within 24 hours, and will be available for student access at that time. Make sure, however, to enable the course (or disable it when you’re working on the site).

You have access to IT support for creating and enabling your courses, and for any questions about Brightspace through links, forms and contact information on your Brightspace page and via Virtual Campus, and through the Teaching and Learning Support Service  (TLSS).

Office hours

Explain to your students the procedure for scheduling consultations with you outside class time, i.e., during your office hours. You can offer time slots or appointments, or any other system to your liking (Academic regulation A-2: Office hours).

Know your classroom

Before you teach your first class, visit your classroom to familiarize yourself with using the podium, computer, screens, microphones, etc. If you have any questions, dial the phone number written on the classroom phone (5900) to connect with a TLSS specialist.

 

Course material

Teaching material

The University of Ottawa recently approved new guidelines on digital learning materials for use in courses.

  • Requesting reproductions (photocopies and printouts)
  • Photocopies

Professors must know the rules governing protected documents. Attach a Copyright Materials Log form to reprography requests.

Note: Send coursepacks to DocUcentre so that copyright can be checked.

Ask your unit about the procedure for coursepack requests.

The University of Ottawa DocUcentre requires a minimum of three weeks to produce your coursepacks.

Course reserves

Ares, the Library’s digital course reserve system, is a one-stop access point for digital course documents. It can be accessed directly via Virtual Campus once the function has been enabled. If you use this service, course reserve staff will locate the documents listed in the syllabus and make them available via Ares. This system also manages copyright and licences. While this service simplifies the process for instructors, it also has benefits for students, as it allows them to access course materials remotely around the clock, and at reduced cost.

To request that something be put on reserve for your course, email your syllabus or reading list to ares@uOttawa.ca. Once your request has been processed, materials that have been reserved will be available to students via Ares. Submit your requests as soon as possible to ensure they are processed in a timely manner. To learn more, visit the Course reserves webpage.

Please note that the traditional course reserve form (teaching materials) is still available.

If we don’t have the document you need, you can submit an interlibrary loan request (if the document is available). You can also suggest that we purchase a work and add it to our collection. To do so, suggest a library purchase.

Open educational resources

Open educational resources (OERs) are teaching and learning resources that are freely and openly available. OERs, which are often textbooks or even courses, can also be videos, podcasts, simulations, case studies, slides and much more. These resources can be disseminated widely and adapted because they are free to use and are not subject to the usual copyright restrictions.

The Library has created an OER by Discipline Guide: University of Ottawa (version 2.0), which includes a section on inclusion, diversity, accessibility and equity and a section on Indigenization and decolonization.

For more information about OERs and assistance available at the Library, see the open educational resources webpage.

Copyright

You must meet a number of requirements when using and providing materials in your courses. See the Library information on copyright for instructors for more about creating printed course notes and using the following: Virtual Campus, copyright-protected works in physical classrooms, and public websites and social media.

Multimedia technology and equipment

The Library offers a wide range of studios and technology on the second floor of the Learning Crossroads (CRX), including a video wall for visualizing data, virtual reality equipment, a podcast recording studio, a learning lab and much more. It also offers multimedia equipment loans and a wide range of content creation tools. You can use these technologies in preparing your syllabi and designing your activities and evaluations. Discover the Learning Crossroads.

 

Academic accommodations service

Ontario universities are legally obligated to meet the needs of students with disabilities. Given the complex and decentralized nature of academic teaching, the university accommodations process hinges on co-operation and communication. A brief overview of this collaborative process follows.

Students

  • Provide medical documentation
  • Take part in a needs assessment process
  • Communicate needs as they change

Learning specialists (with Academic accommodations service)

  • Review medical documentation and assess needs
  • Identify accommodations and help manage expectations
  • Find solutions should difficulties arise
  • Report issues that could interfere with the learning environment
  • Assess needs for work placements and identify experiential learning opportunities
  • Help students develop their skills and prepare to enter the labour force

Professors

  • Review requisite accommodations in Ventus, a portal that facilitates communication about academic accommodations
  • Contact the learning specialists if there are any concerns
  • Implement requisite classroom accommodations
  • Post exam notices in Ventus in a timely manner
  • Guide students who seem to need support, but provide only those accommodations that have been approved in Ventus

Academic performance

Accommodations are implemented in order to ensure equitable opportunities for everyone. However, all students must meet the same requirements as regards academic performance (i.e., the same learning outcomes) in their courses and programs. Academic accommodations do not give persons with disabilities an unfair advantage.

Academic accommodations are granted based on medical documentation submitted and conditions foreseen in the learning environment. If you think that implementing one or more accommodations that have been approved in Ventus could compromise attainment of academic standards, discuss the issue with the Academic Accommodations Service. You can work in tandem with the latter to come up with alternatives that meet academic integrity standards and enable the student in question to fulfill the essential requirements of a course or program.

A growing population

Currently, some 4,650 students with disabilities, or approximately 10% of our student body, have been granted academic accommodations at the University of Ottawa. That percentage is slightly lower than the provincial average, with most institutions posting proportions between 12 and 15%. However, we can expect this population to continue to grow in the years ahead.

Following is a visual representation of the disability categories of the 4,650 persons enrolled as of September 2022.

A significant percentage of these individuals have invisible disabilities. We should therefore not make assumptions about people’s abilities based on their appearance. Each person with a disability is different, and needs and abilities vary. Some people are comfortable talking about their needs, while others prefer to keep that information confidential. Students are not obligated to disclose their disability status or their diagnosis, and they must not be given the impression that they are required to do so. By maintaining the secrecy of accommodation-related conversations, you will help to protect confidentiality and create an environment where everyone feels safe and comfortable expressing their needs.

Students may request accommodations at any time, regardless of whether their disability is permanent or temporary. Some students register for supports at the time of admission, while others receive diagnoses during their studies and register right away. In other cases, students may try to persevere without accommodations, for fear of stigmatization. Whatever the case may be, as soon as a student begins the registration process and provides a valid medical document from a qualified health care provider, they’re supported by our service. It may take up to 60 days for accommodations to be implemented, depending on the nature of the support measures required or the timing of the registration (e.g., for registrations during the final exam period, exam-related accommodations are implemented the following term).

Academic accommodations and Universal Design for Learning

Whereas accommodations seek to reduce barriers in the learning environment, Universal Design for Learning principles aim to eliminate barriers and to ensure equal opportunity for all by taking as many aspects of learning into account as feasible. The Academic Accommodations Service supports the implementation of UDL principles in the learning environment as much as possible.

There are two main kinds of approved accommodations for students: pedagogical accommodations in the classroom and accommodations for timed assessments. Following are some examples of each kind (in order of use):

Pedagogical accommodations Exam accommodations
More time for assignments Limited auditory distractions
Volunteer peer note-takers Limited visual distractions
Digital audio recorders Time extensions (15%, 25%, 33%, 50%, 66%, 75%, 100%)
Support for a fluctuating condition Word processors with spell checker and grammar checker
Classroom material provided in advance Noise-cancelling headphones
Frequent breaks Word processors without spell checker and grammar checker
Laptop in classroom Maximum of one exam per day
Access to recorded lectures for learning purposes Option to take short breaks, to get up to move around or to stretch
Priority seats (at front or rear of classroom) Isolated space
Alternatives to oral presentations Checker and dictionary (such as Grammarly)
Note-taking assistance (professional) Speech synthesis (NaturalReader)
Option to get up or move around Reference sheet approved by professor
No evening exams

For more information about the different kinds of accommodations, see Ventus. We encourage you to familiarize yourself with these common accommodations and their use to help us define expectations and establish a dialogue from the beginning, particularly between professors and students, regarding accommodations in the classroom and for exams.

Proactive approaches

When designing your course, you can be proactive in anticipating the most-requested pedagogical supports. The list of the most common support measures provides an overview of the kinds of measures that could benefit your students and help you base your courses on Universal Design for Learning principles. Here are examples of UDL that can enhance accessibility and inclusion while reducing the number of individual accommodations required.

Examples

Example 1:

Give an additional grade of 2% to students who agree to upload their course notes to a shared class resource. In so doing, you’ll encourage quality note-taking and class attendance, which will help students who need their colleagues’ notes to complete their own. This practice also makes it possible to support students who must be absent due to illness, whose health fluctuates or who need frequent breaks in the classroom.

Example 2:

Plan the term calendar such that recordings can be automated using YuJa and shared with the class automatically on Brightspace. In so doing, you’ll avoid creating obstacles for students who are entitled to recordings, and you’ll be able to schedule sensitive discussions for times when they’re on a break (after having alerted the class). That way, students don’t need to record themselves, and you’ll have greater control over recordings.

Example 3:

Give the entire class a choice between several options for one or more assessments in the course in order to reduce barriers and promote inclusion. By giving students a choice, you’ll enable more of them to take in the course material in their own way. Students who have difficulty with a particular kind of assessment will therefore have another way to demonstrate their knowledge and abilities.

 

Clinics, work placements and experiential learning opportunities

Students with disabilities may need accommodations during clinical work placements, internships, co-op work placements, practica or other experiential learning courses. In most cases, approved academic accommodations don’t apply to these placement settings. Contact the learning specialist assigned to the student to discuss solutions that could work in your setting without compromising personal health and safety, essential program requirements and processes for issuing applicable permits.

 

Deferred exams, exemptions and extensions beyond academic accommodation services

Students will ask for deferred exams, exemptions and extensions for various reasons (e.g., illness, death in the family, injury, mental health issues). We encourage you to handle such requests with empathy and kindness. These students trust you. What you say and how you say it will have an effect. We’re obligated to follow the Academic Regulations as regards decisions related to these requests. Requests for deferred final exams are handled by the undergraduate or graduate studies office.

For situations not covered in the regulations, make the decision that seems fairest to the student in question and the other students in the group, and fits with your ability to manage the situation.

Consider also the option of referring students to University services likely to be of assistance. Some of them are listed in the chapter on student services.

 

Teaching assistants (TAs)

You can request TA support, depending on your course. The Union of Student Workers at the University of Ottawa (CUPE 2626) represents thousands of teaching and research assistants, markers, tutors, lifeguards and Residence Life workers. CUPE 2626 is a local section of the Canadian Union of Public Employees.

In courses, TAs can, for example, lead discussion groups, conduct lab sessions and mark assignments, depending on the terms of their contracts.

 

During your course

The graphic describes things you should consider during your course. The Teaching and Learning Support Service can also provide more assistance.

 

 

Your first class

Your first class is a special occasion!

Here are some things to consider to make the most out of it.

  1. Create an inclusive environment
  • Arrive early and get set up.
  • Greet students as they arrive.
  • Welcome the entire class.
  • Introduce yourself (biography, professional background, teaching experience, pets, etc.) and discuss your intentions for the course.
  • Ask the members of the group to take turns introducing themselves.
  • Ask for volunteers to take notes.
  • Find ways to involve students in their learning.

2. Determine the students’ knowledge level

  • Consider conducting a short assessment to determine your students’ basic knowledge.
  • Ask the students if they’ve taken such a course or if they know the topic from before.

3. Provide a course overview.

  • Consider posting the syllabus on Brightspace in advance and possibly making an introductory video.
  • Provide a brief overview of the syllabus, and ask if there are any questions.

4. Get started!

  • Time left over? Jump right into the topic. This is a very good time to explain what you love about this discipline.

 

Training sessions

The librarians offer a wide range of training sessions that can be tailored to your courses and your learning objectives. The sessions are generally presented live during your course. Topics vary by discipline, e.g., developing a research strategy, mastering information skills, using citation management software, key resources for your area of study, and many more. Contact the Library or your librarian to discuss your specific needs.

To request a training session, fill out the instruction request form, or see the Library support for online learning for more information.

 

Research guides

The librarians have prepared research guides by subject. They contain advice about the different kinds of sources and the most commonly used sources of information and research tools in each subject area. These guides could be very helpful if you’re working on a research project or article. Moreover, you can request an individual consultation with an associate university librarian. See the research guide list.

 

Evaluation of teaching and courses

All courses involving at least nine contact hours with the same professor are subject to an teaching and course evaluation by students at the University of Ottawa, regardless of the teaching method used.

Evaluations are completed via an online questionnaire by every student in the class, towards the end of each term. Some questions are mandatory, while others are optional. Students and professors are notified about the evaluation schedule through their uOttawa email accounts.

In addition, you can use a teaching portfolio—an excellent tool for measuring teaching excellence as part of a formal assessment process. The Teaching and Learning Support Service can help you put together your portfolio. Use of the portfolio for this purpose was approved by the Senate in June 2019.

Course start and end times

Courses must begin and end at the time indicated in the official timetable. Courses officially end 10 minutes before the hour or half-hour.

 

Closing a course

Your course is ending and you’re almost there!

Final grades and information retention

This section explains how to post, submit and review final grades.

  • Academic Regulation A-3 — Grading System
  • Grading process
  • Inputting grades and accessing your student list
  • Submitting grades and assignments
  • Submission of final grades
  • Retention of assignments and grades information, evaluation review and grade appeals process
  • Deletion of assignments and grades information

Official grades are not sent through Brightspace. They’re communicated via Virtuo (Faculty Centre).

 

Close a course

Take stock of your course: what would you change the next time? What have you learned?

The Senate has also approved the use of a teaching portfolio for tenure and promotion purposes, so we recommend adding to your portfolio now, while your thoughts on the course are still fresh.

 

Academic regulations

We need to comply with the Academic Regulations in every aspect of our courses. The complete version of the regulations is available in the “Policies and regulations” section of uOttawa.ca. A plain-language version of the Academic Regulations is available on the “Current students” page. Students in your courses could also find the resource useful.

Most faculties also have their own regulations. Check whether that is the case in yours. If so, familiarize yourself with them.

Awards and distinctions

Awards and distinctions aim to recognize your contribution to the teaching environment. There are several of them at the University of Ottawa, including the following:

Your department and faculty can advise you about other internal options in your discipline and more generally.

 

Other information: Best practices, grants and frameworks

Grants for innovation in teaching are often available. Keep an ear out for options offered by the Library, the provost and TLSS funds and awards, among others.

You can consult research papers and best practices in teaching and learning, including regarding the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning (SoTL) and educational innovation.

uOCompetencies aim to integrate academic and experiential competencies that support the quality of the student experience on campus. By establishing a common vocabulary for the development of learning outcomes for all learning activities, we can help students better understand the competencies they can acquire throughout their academic career.

Although there’s a lot you can do to provide high quality courses, you don’t have to do it all your first year!

 


Image by vectorjuice on Freepik

 

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