13 The First Priests of Apollo/ Travels in the Peloponnese: (389-448)
Section III:
First Pythian Priests and Peloponnesian Domains
The-purifying-light, Phoebus,
now began to consider in his heart
the final first:
what humans would he bring in
to be his first and foremost priests
the first to serve him in rocky Pytho? 390
While he was mulling this over, he looked down from on high.
With a sideways glance, he happened to see
There
far across the surface of sea —
placid-and-languid-like-dark-wine-–
the wake of a fast ship.
On it, there were many men of clear nobility:
Cretans
from Minoan Knossos.
[See them as he did
–he for whom past, present, and future are as one–
Both as they were and as they would be]
In the now,
they are attendants of the divine king:
performing holy sacrifices
announcing his sacred laws.
clarifying the proclamations of
Apollo
the-purifying-light,
whose-every-instrument-is-of-shining-gold: 395
whatever oracles he speaks
from the laurel tree in Parnassos’ glen.
In that age,
they were sailors from Crete
seeking wealth and commerce in their black ship,
sailing to sandy Pylos, to trade with those who were born in that land.
At least, commerce was their intention
but these men encountered something else,
and were transformed by the
purifying-light.
The Omen
Apollo —
From out the sea, he sprang upon the swift ship
his form: a dolphin 400
He lay there on the deck — a massive and fearful omen.
Whenever any of the crew dared to glance or try to investigate,
he shook back and forth wildly in every direction,
making the ship rattle down to its very planks.
Terrified at his very approach,
they sat down, shocked, silent, and still.
[The spirit left their body and]
They no longer even dared
to try and loosen the ropes of the hollow black ship or 405
to take down the sail near the ship’s dark-prow.
All of the ox-hide ropes remained up and fastened
just as they had previously been set for the previous wind.
Even so, the ship now sailed on a different course.
And from this moment,[1] along the ship’s course,
your rule and benefit to mortals spreads
until it reaches every land:
[the rich Peloponnese
across Europa (Thrace and Thessaly)
throughout the water-circled Aegean islands.
Here, we trace your power across the Peloponnese.]
Apollo’s Dominion (III):
Crete and the Peloponnese
A fast wind pushed the ship rapidly north
Starting in Crete from the city of Maleia
Until they turned at the Peloponnesian coast: Laconia. 410
The coastline left behind them in a flash.
West, toward the isthmus of Taenarum
jewel amidst the sea:
there is the fortress and the kingdom
of Helios, who-brings-delight-to-men;
where thick-fleeced sheep still graze, even now:
the flock of king Helios, master of this pleasing land.
[As they came near land at the isthmus]
The men kept trying to land their ship and disembark 415
so that they could better consider what to do about this strange marvel
and to observe, first hand,
whether the monstrous omen would
remain on the deck of hollow ship
or
leap back into the briny, fish-filled, sea.
But though the ship was well-built, it did not obey the rudder.
Instead, keeping the rich Peloponnese to the starboard side,
— and out of reach — she continued on her journey
Using the wind, he
king-who-works-from-afar 420
Apollo
kept them straight on course –his course —
easily guiding the route now to the North.
First, past all the cities held then by the Pylos-born:
Arene and lovely Argyphe
ford across the Alpheios river: Thyron
bustling-and-busy Aipu
and the beaches of sandy Pylos.
Then alongside the territory then ruled by the Epeans:
Krounoi, Calchis, Dyme, and 425
holy Elis.
The ship skipped happily forward, playing in the fair wind from Zeus[1]
Shooting north like an arrow, past Pherai
— a high mountain breaks through the clouds: Ithaca;
Doulichion, Same and forested Zakynthos
all past in an instant.
Finally as the western coast came to an end 430
there appeared the vast cliff face of the bay of Krisa:
northern border of the rich Peloponnese.
[As the blind bard once said of Telemachus]
According to Zeus’ plan:
Then came the Zephyr — strong and favourable wind-from-the-west.
The powerful storm roared down on them from out of the sky
Pushing them east, so that, even more quickly
the ship might complete its journey across the salty water of the sea. 435
Into the east, towards Dawn and Sun
the ship sailed on through the bay
but it was guided by him:
Lord Apollo,
who-works-from-afar.
Until they reached the vine-covered mountain
which had been long-and-far-visible
Crissa.
The ship — though meant for the deep sea —
came close to the sandy beach
as it sailed into the natural harbor.
Here, at last, the marvel leapt from the ship —
the king,
he-who-works-from-afar:
Apollo. 440
His appearance now:
a fiery star, though it was mid-day.
A shower of countless sparks.
A blaze which filled the whole sky.
Streaking into his temple’s forbidden sanctum,
he shot across the tripods –trophies-of-great-honour–,
kindling fires on them
sending forth blazing arrows of light.
His incandescence bathed the whole of Crissa. 445
“Olululululu”:
the women there could not help but cry out.
The wives and daughters of the Crissians
trembled as their hearts were pierced by fear and awe
at the force of Apollo’s very approach.
[1] Technically part of the next line
Although Pylos here seems incorrectly placed, note that it is likely not the archaeological Mycenean citadel associated with Pylos which is located Messenia.
Instead, it has been persuasively argued by Frame (2009) 5.14 that the Hymn to Apollo instead refers to a Tryphalian Pylos which existed north of the Alpehios river. This was apparently part of Spartan claims to the Homeric poem and may explain similar inaccuracies in the Odyssey regarding Telemachus’ journey.
Frame, Douglas. 2009. Hippota Nestor. Hellenic Studies Series 37. Washington, DC: Center for Hellenic Studies. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:hul.ebook:CHS_Frame.Hippota_Nestor.2009.
- Not present in the original Greek, I have reiterated this invocation from the first section to better remind the reader that each of the three lengthy descriptions of places are meant to illustrate a kind of mental map of Apollo's power and are clearly meant to be read as a set. This idea is introduced above by the phrase "all the lands of humanity" which puts the listener in the correct state of mind to associate Apollo's journey with the spread of his power. Also all of the locations that he visits were prominent sites of Apollo's later worship, so an ancient audience would likely have been more attuned to this function anyway. ↵