References
References: Chapter 1: An Introduction to Sociology
Beck, Ulrich. (2000). What is globalization? Cambridge: Polity Press.
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Durkheim, Émile. (1951). Suicide: A study in sociology. New York: Free Press. (original work published 1897)
Elias, Norbert. (1978). What is sociology? New York: Columbia University Press.
Mills, C. Wright. (2000). The sociological imagination. (40th ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. (original work published 1959)
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Pollan, Michael. (2006). The omnivore’s dilemma: A natural history of four meals. New York: Penguin Press.
Simmel, Georg. (1971). The problem of sociology. In D. Levine (Ed.), Georg Simmel: On individuality and social forms (pp. 23–27). Chicago: University of Chicago Press. (original work published 1908)
Smith, Dorothy. (1999). Writing the social: Critique, theory, and investigations. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Statistics Canada. (2013). Overweight and obese adults (self-reported), 2012. Statistics Canada health fact sheets. Catalogue 82-625-XWE. Retrieved February 24, 2014, from http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/82-625-x/2013001/article/11840-eng.htm
Becker, Howard and Barnes, H. (1961). Social thought from lore to science (Vol. 1). New York: Dover Publications.
Berman, Morris. (1981). The reenchantment of the world. Ithaca: Cornell University Press
Collins, Randall and Makowsky, Michael. (1989). The discovery of society. New York: Random House.
Comte, August. (1975). The nature and importance of the positive philosophy. In Gertrud Lenzer. (Ed.), Auguste Comte and positivism: the essential writings. New York: Harper and Row. (original work published 1830)
Durkheim, Émile. (1964). The rules of sociological method. (8th ed.). In J. Mueller, E. George and E. Caitlin (Eds.) Translated by S. Solovay. New York: Free Press. (original work published 1895)
Durkheim, Émile. (1997). The rules of sociological method. In Ian McIntosh (Ed.), Classical sociological theory: A reader (pp. 207–211). New York: New York University Press. (original work published 1895)
Durkheim, Émile. (1997). Suicide: A study in sociology. In Ian McIntosh (Ed.), Classical sociological theory: A reader (pp. 212–231). New York: New York University Press. (original work published 1897)
Durkheim, Émile. (1997). Religion and society. In Ian McIntosh (Ed.), Classical sociological theory: A reader (pp. 232–247). New York: New York University Press. (original work published 1912)
Fauré, C., Guilhaumou, J., Vallier, J., and Weil, F. (2007). Des manuscrits de Sieyès, (Vols I & II) 1773–1799. Paris: Champion.
Lengermann, Patricia and Niebrugge, Jill. (2007). The women founders: Sociology and social theory, 1830–1930. Longrove, IL: Waveland Press. (original work published 1997)
Li, Peter. (1996). The making of post-war Canada. Toronto: Oxford University Press.
Marx, Karl. (1867). Capital: A critique of political economy. Hamburg: Otto Meissner Verlag.
Marx, Karl and Friedrich Engels. (1977). The communist manifesto. In David McLellan (Ed.), Karl Marx: Selected writings (pp. 221–247). Toronto: Oxford University Press. (original work published 1848)
McDonald, Lynn. (1998). Women theorists on society and politics. Waterloo: Wilfrid Laurier University Press.
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Simmel, Georg. (1971). The problem of sociology. In D. Levine (Ed.), Georg Simmel: On individuality and social forms (pp. 23–27). Chicago: University of Chicago Press. (original work published 1908)
Simmel, Georg. (1971). Sociability. In D. Levine (Ed.), Georg Simmel: On individuality and social forms (pp. 127–140). Chicago: University of Chicago Press. (original work published 1910)
Simmel, Georg. (1971). Metropolis and mental Life. In D. Levine (Ed.), Georg Simmel: On individuality and social forms (pp. 324–339). Chicago: University of Chicago Press. (original work published 1903)
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Weber, Max. (1958). The protestant ethic and the spirit of capitalism. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons. (original work published 1904)
Weber, Max. (1969). Science as a vocation. In H.H. Gerth and C.W. Mills (Eds.), From Max Weber: Essays in sociology (pp. 129-158). New York: Oxford University Press. (original work published 1919)
Weber, Max. (1997). Definitions of sociology and social action. In Ian McIntosh (Ed.), Classical sociological theory: A reader (pp. 157–164). New York: New York University Press. (original work published 1922)
Wollstonecraft, Mary. (1792). A vindication of the rights of women with strictures on moral and political subjects. London: Joseph Johnson.
Zeitlin, Irving. (1997). Ideology and the development of sociological theory. Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
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Becker, Howard. (1963). Outsiders : Studies in the sociology of deviance. New York: Macmillan.
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Blumer, H. (1969). Symbolic interactionism: Perspective and method. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
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Drengson, Alan. (1983). Shifting paradigms: From technocrat to planetary person. Victoria, BC: Light Star Press.
Durkheim, Émile. (1984). The division of labor in society. New York: Free Press. (original work published 1893)
Durkheim, Émile. (1964). The rules of sociological method. J. Mueller, E. George and E. Caitlin (Eds.) (8th ed.) S. Solovay (Trans.). New York: Free Press. (original work published 1895)
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LaRossa, R. and D.C. Reitzes. (1993). Symbolic interactionism and family studies. In P. G. Boss, W. J. Doherty, R. LaRossa, W. R. Schumm, and S. K. Steinmetz (Eds.), Sourcebook of family theories and methods: A contextual approach (pp. 135–163). New York: Springer.
Lerner, Gerda. (1986). The Creation of patriarchy. New York: Oxford University Press.
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Martineau, Harriet. (1837). Society in America (Vol. II). New York: Saunders and Otley. Retrieved February 24, 2014 from https://archive.org/details/societyinamerica02martiala
Maryanski, Alexandra and Jonathan Turner. (1992). The social cage: Human nature and the evolution of society. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
Marx, Karl. (1977). Theses on Feuerbach. In David McLellan (Ed.), Karl Marx: Selected writings (pp. 156–158). Toronto: Oxford University Press. (original work published 1845)
Marx, Karl. (1977). The eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte. In David McLellan (Ed.), Karl Marx: Selected writings (pp. 300–325). Toronto: Oxford University Press. (original work published 1851)
Marx, Karl. (1978). For a ruthless criticism of everything existing. In R. C. Tucker (Ed.), The Marx-Engels reader (pp. 12–15). New York: W. W. Norton. (original work published 1843)
Mead, G.H. (1934). Mind, self and society. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Naiman, Joanne. (2012). How societies work (5th ed.). Black Point, Nova Scotia: Fernwood Publishing.
Parsons, T. (1961). Theories of society: Foundations of modern sociological theory. New York: Free Press.
Schutz, A. (1962). Collected papers I: The problem of social reality. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff.
Smith, Dorothy. (1977). Feminism and Marxism: A place to begin, a way to go. Vancouver: New Star Books.
Spencer, Herbert. (1898). The principles of biology. New York: D. Appleton and Company.
Swift, J., Davies, J. M., Clarke, R. G. and Czerny, M.S.J. (2004). Getting started on social analysis in Canada. In W. Carroll (Ed.), Critical strategies for social research (pp. 116–124). Toronto: Canadian Scholars’ Press.
Weber, Max. (1997). Definitions of sociology and social action. In Ian McIntosh (Ed.), Classical sociological theory: A reader (pp. 157–164). New York, NY: New York University Press. (original work published 1922)
Berger, Peter L. (1963). Invitation to sociology: A humanistic perspective. New York: Anchor Books.
Department of Sociology, University of Alabama. (n.d.). Sociology: Is sociology right for you?. Huntsville: University of Alabama. Retrieved January 19, 2012 from http://www.uah.edu/la/departments/sociology/about-sociology/why-sociology
Vaughan, Frederick. (2004). Aggressive in pursuit: The life of Justice Emmett Hall. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Image Attributions
Figure 1.1 Canada Day National Capital by Derek Hatfield (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Canada_Day_National_Capital.jpg) used under CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/deed.en)
Figure 1.2. Il (secondo?) bacio più famoso della storia: Vancouver Riot Kiss by Pasquale Borriello (https://www.flickr.com/photos/pazca/5844049845/in/photostream/) used under CC BY 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/)
Figure 1.4 “Native Pride” (photo courtesy of Rap Dictionary http://62.193.220.29/Native_syndicate)
Figure 1.5c Ibn Khaldun by Waqas Ahmed (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ibn_Khaldun.jpg) used under CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en);
Figure 1.6. Newton-WilliamBlake by William Blake (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton_(Blake)#mediaviewer/File:Newton-WilliamBlake.jpg) is in the public domain (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Public_domain#Material_in_the_public_domain)
Figure 1.7 Auguste Comte (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Auguste_Comte.jpg) is in public domain
Figure 1.9. Harriet Martineau portrait (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Harriet_martineau_portrait.jpg) is in the public domain (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Public_domain#Material_in_the_public_domain).
Figure 1.10. Emile Durkheim (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Emile_Durkheim.jpg) is in the public domain (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Public_domain#Material_in_the_public_domain).
Figure 1.11. Chalice Silver with gilding depicting a youthful Christ with cruciform halo and saints Byzantine (https://www.flickr.com/photos/mharrsch/1293596797/in/photolist-2Yj2g4-2YpXJf-gdV8N-Lb7Ub-LbmSB) used under CC BY-NC-SA 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/)
Figure 1.12. Max Weber (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Max_Weber_1917.jpg) is in the public domain (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Public_domain#Material_in_the_public_domain).
Figure 1.13. Georg Simmel by Julius Cornelius Schaarwächter (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Georg_Simmel.jpg) is in the public domain (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Public_domain#Material_in_the_public_domain).
Figure 1.15. Blindmen by MIke Kline (https://www.flickr.com/photos/mikekline/2323060908/in/photolist-7vGvbq-pXMvrb-bKPeXv-ecsGfu-gokfXF-88zx4V-trwkLL-z5bZF-4wohCG-4wj8Vn-4wj91H-4xhi9m-4xh3NU-4xh3NE-4xh3NA-4xh3Nw-4xd6GV-4xhi5h-4xh3NJ-5WEat9-8ENGbj) used under CC BY 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/)
Figure 1.16. The Last of the Clan by Thomas Faed (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Thomas Faed-The_Last_of_the_Clan.JPG) is in the public domain (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Public_domain#Material_in_the_public_domain).
Figure 1.19. Hon. T.C. Douglas, Premier of Saskatchewan by Lieut. G. Barry Gilroy (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tommycropped.jpg) is in public domain.
Long Descriptions
Figure 1.16 Long Description: The Highland Clearances: A painting of men, women, and children looking upset and weary and surrounded by their belongings next to the ocean. Return to Figure 1.16
| Normative | Conflictual | |
|---|---|---|
| Structure | Comte’s Positivism and Durkheim’s Structural Functionalism | Foucault’s Poststructuralism |
| Agency | Weber’s Interpretive Sociology and Mead’s Symbolic Interactionism | Martineau’s Feminism and Marx’s Critical Sociology |
| [Return to Figure 1.18] | ||
References: Chapter 2: Classical Sociological Theories
2. Classical Sociological Theories
Maasai Association. (n.d.). Facing the lion: By Massai warriors. Retrieved January 4, 2012 (http://www.maasai-association.org/lion.html).
Bookchin, Murray. (1982). The ecology of freedom: The emergence and dissolution of hierarchy. (Palo Alto, CA.: Cheshire Books).
Carrington, Damian. (2014, August 1). Amazon tribe makes first contact with outside world. The Guardian. Retrieved September 24, 2015 from http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/aug/01/amazon-tribe-makes-first-contact-with-outside-world.
Clastres, Pierre. (1987). Society against the state: Essays in political anthropology. NY: Zone Books
Comte, August. (1975). The nature and importance of the positive philosophy. In Gertrud Lenzer (Ed.), Auguste Comte and positivism: the essential writings. NY: Harper and Row. (original work published 1830)
Crutzen, Paul and Eugene Stoermer, (2000, May). The Anthropocene. [PDF] Global change newsletter. No. 41: 17-18. Retrieved Oct. 4, 2015 from http://www.igbp.net/download/18.316f18321323470177580001401/NL41.pdf.
Diamond, Jared. (1999, May 1). The worst mistake in the history of the human race. Discover. Retrieved Oct. 1, 2015 from http://discovermagazine.com/1987/may/02-the-worst-mistake-in-the-history-of-the-human-race. (originally published in the May 1987 Issue)
Diamond, Stanley. (1974). In search of the primitive. Chicago: Transaction Books
Haraway, Donna. (1991). A cyborg manifesto: Science, technology and socialist-feminism in the late 20th century. Simians, cyborgs and women: The reinvention of nature (Ch. 8). London: Free Association
Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada. (2005, July 29). Israel: Treatment of Bedouin, including incidents of harassment, discrimination or attacks; State protection (January 2003–July 2005). Refworld. Retrieved February 10, 2012 (http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/440ed71325.html).
Kenton, Edna. (1954). The Jesuit relations and allied documents. NY: Vanguard Press.
Kjeilen, Tore. (n.d.). Bedouin. Looklex.com. Retrieved February 17, 2012 (http://looklex.com/index.htm).
Kurzweil, Ray. (2009). Ray Kurzweil on the future of nanotechnology. Big think. Retrieved, Oct. 4, 2015, from http://bigthink.com/videos/ray-kurzweil-on-the-future-of-nanotechnology
Larson, Gregor. (2015). How wheat came to Britain. Science, Vol. 347 (6225): 945-946.
Lee, Richard. (1978). Politics, sexual and nonsexual, in an egalitarian society. Social science information, 17.
Marx, Karl. (1977). Preface to a critique of political economy. In D. McLellan (Ed.), Karl Marx: Selected Writings (pp. 388–392). London, UK: Oxford University Press. (original work published 1859)
Rose, N. (2007). The politics of life itself: Biomedicine, power, and subjectivity in the twenty-first century. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Smith, Oliver, Garry Momber, Richard Bates, Paul Garwood, Simon Fitch, Mark Pallen, Vincent Gaffney, Robin G. Allaby. (2015). Sedimentary DNA from a submerged site reveals wheat in the British Isles 8000 years ago. Science, Vol. 347 (6225): 998-1001
Stavrianos, Leften. (1990). Lifelines from our past: A new world history. NY: LB Taurus
Sterling, Bruce. (1996). Holy fire. New York: Bantam Spectra.
von Daniken, E. (1969). Chariots of the Gods? Unsolved mysteries of the past. London: Souvenir.
Wright, Ronald. (2004). A short history of progress. Toronto: House of Anansi Press.
2.2. Theoretical Perspectives on Society
CBC. (2001). Equal under the law: Canadian women fight for equality as the country creates a charter of rights. Canada: A people’s history. Retrieved February 21, 2014 (http://www.cbc.ca/history/EPISCONTENTSE1EP17CH2PA4LE.html).
Durkheim, Émile. (1960). The Division of labor in society. (George Simpson, Trans.). New York: Free Press. (original work published 1893).
Durkheim, Émile. (1982). The Rules of the Sociological Method. (W. D. Halls, Trans.). New York: Free Press. (original work published 1895)
Endicott, Karen. (1999). Gender relations in hunter-gatherer societies. In R.B. Lee and R. Daly (Eds.), The Cambridge encyclopedia of hunters and gatherers (pp. 411–418). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Engels, Friedrich. (1972). The origin of the family, private property and the state. New York: International Publishers. (original work published 1884)
Engels, Friedrich. (1892). The Condition of the working-class in England in 1844.London: Swan Sonnenschein & Co.
Hess, Alexander. (2014, November 29). 10 Worst Countries For Women. Huffpost Business: Huffington Post. Retrieved Oct. 18, 2015 from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/11/29/worst-countries-for-women_n_6241216.html
Lerner, Gerda. (1986). The creation of patriarchy. New York: Oxford Press.
Marx, Karl. (1995). Capital: A critique of political economy.Marx/Engels Archive [Internet]. Retrieved February 18, 2014 (https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1867-c1/). (original work published 1867)
Marx, Karl. (1977). Economic and philosophical manuscripts. In David McLellan (Ed.), Karl Marx: Selected writings (pp. 75–112). Oxford: Oxford University Press. (original work published 1932)
Marx, Karl and Friedrich Engels. (1977). The Communist manifesto (Selections). In David McLellan (Ed.), Karl Marx: Selected writings (pp. 221–247). Oxford: Oxford University Press. (original work published 1848)
Weber, Max. (1958). The protestant ethic and the spirit of capitalism. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons. (original work published 1904)
Weber, Max. (1969). Science as a Vocation. In H.H. Gerth and C.W. Mills (Eds.), From Max Weber: Essays in sociology (pp. 129-158).NY: Oxford University Press. (original work published 1919)
Wollstonecraft, Mary. (1997). A vindication of the rights of women. In D.L. Macdonald and Kathleen Scherf (Eds.), The vindications: The rights of men and the rights of woman. Toronto: Broadview Literary Texts. (original work published in 1792)
World Economic Forum. (2014). The global gender gap report: 2014. [PDF] Insight Report. Geneva: World economic forum. Retrieved Oct 18, 2015 from http://www3.weforum.org/docs/GGGR14/GGGR_CompleteReport_2014.pdf
Image Attributions
Figure 4.1. “Effigy of a Shaman from Haida Tribe, late 19th century” from Wellcome Library (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Haida#/media/File:Effigy_of_a_Shaman_from_Haida_Tribe,_late_19th_century._Wellcome_L0007356.jpg) is licensed under CC BY 4.0 via Wikimedia Commons.
Figure 4.2. “Ceremonial rattle in the form of the mythical thunder-bird” from the British Museum Handbook to the Ethnographical Collections (1910) by Internet Archive Book Images (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Haida#/media/File:Handbook_to_the_ethnographical_collections_%281910%29_%2814596714720%29.jpg) is licensed under the rule that “no known copyright restrictions” exist (https://www.flickr.com/commons/usage/)
Figure 4.4. “Blackfoot Indians” from Library and Archives Canada (http://collectionscanada.gc.ca/pam_archives/index.php?fuseaction=genitem.displayItem&rec_nbr=3193492&lang=eng) is in the public domain (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_domain)
Figure 4.5. “The Salish Sea” by Arct (https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/Carte_populations_salish_de_la_cote.svg) is licenced under CC-BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons.
Figure 4.6. “Maize-teosinte” by John Doebley (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maize-teosinte.jpg) is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported licence.
Figure 4.7. “Roman Collared Slaves” from the Collection of the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, England (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Slavery_in_ancient_Rome#/media/File:Roman_collared_slaves_-_Ashmolean_Museum.jpg) is licenced under CC BY-SA 2.0 .
Figure 4.8. “Isla de Pascua – 628 .-“ by Alberto Beaudroit (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Isla_de_Pascua_-_628_.-.JPG#/media/File:Isla_de_Pascua_-_628_.-.JPG) is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 via Wikimedia Commons.
Figure 4.9. Bayeux Tapestry – Scene 23 by Myrabella (http://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Bayeux_Tapestry_scene23_Harold_oath_William.jpg) is in the public domain (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.en)
Figure 4.10. “Women wrapping and packing bars of soap in the Colgate-Palmolive Canada plant on the northwest corner of Carlaw and Colgate Avenues in Toronto, Ontario, Canada” by Pringle & Booth, Toronto (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Colgate-Palmolive_Canada_1919.jpg) is in the public domain (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_domain).
Figure 4.11. George Stephen, 1965 by William Notman (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:George_Stephen_1865.jpg) is in the public domain (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_domain)
Figure 4.12. “The Desk” by Charlie Styr (https://www.flickr.com/photos/charlies/2169080948/in/photolist-4iF7co-fmDBN8-3pzKHj-e2csN-85Dpd2-4BqJnq-75xCjy-q7KdMT-51QJr6-5sju9H-fCxYb-6hGrSD-42cG24-48EdkK-4efHw-uXGV-fMf6tz-4m2KcX-4qMa6h-69EPSh-a1wJSS-72Tcj-6monK8-65bexe-2DEEG-ESpP9-6K4ZT-bx3waG-4UcxqQ-7qa26u-juiu4o-K43C-9w84j8-7cEtjU-a1cYj4-a8LLoY-Cvhkq-5xWXdu-7bWBVz-9DhQX-3sjha-9kYneT-u8WdY-2cnSAW-8dNu6-b1UmA-4TannF-4xYr78-6549S-238pk) used under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/)
Figure 4.13. “Dengue virus infection” by Sanofi Pasteur (https://www.flickr.com/photos/sanofi-pasteur/7413644166/in/photolist-ci7S89-5Vy3Ut-5Vyx2q-pCYRsM-4vxwP5-ci7S77-9gtqfe-93BsfE-b5g5E-93Bmkb-93Bu23-93yoH8-8r1Hp8-hiRYTp-8ctWbd-qoxb4p-93T2b2-ci7S4h-b6du8n-dPiDp3-9wkUwH-9WSppU-qbhZUY-r3TuCM-aronSf-93ym6K-ci7S5W-bm1us-8rnwZu-dSPMSp-o42Hvu-93BmPh-kxRVpH-rki4V2-6royED-yP2m87-r3qUcs-yQ1Wyk-tbEDj-xFECFi-9gP97o-9ApBzB-xbr3uW-jQvxq9-rEjNRU-2j1bum-8GSyC4-iK5pRZ-ae7RjF-atrmSD) used under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/)
Figure 4.14. Image of the T. Eaton Co. department store in Toronto, Ontario, Canada from the back cover of the 1901 Eaton’s catalogue (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bird%27s_eye_view_of_the_store_and_factories_of_the_T._Eaton_Co._Limited_Toronto_Canada.jpg) is in the public domain (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_domain)
Figure 4.18. Seagate’s clean room by Robert Scoble (https://www.flickr.com/photos/scobleizer/3010353308/) used under CC BY 2.0 licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/)
Figure 4.19. Charlie Chaplin by Insomnia Cured Here (https://www.flickr.com/photos/tom-margie/1535417993/) used under CC BY SA 2.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/)
Figure 4.20. I Love Cubicles by Tim Patterson (https://www.flickr.com/photos/timpatterson/476098132/) used under CC BY 2.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/)
Figure 4.21. Puritan soap packet by Paul Townsend (https://www.flickr.com/photos/brizzlebornandbred/19609916339) used under CC BY-NC-SA 2.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/)
Figure 4.22. Venus of Willendorf by MatthiasKabel (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Venus_of_Willendorf_frontview_retouched_2.jpg) used under CC BY SA 3.0 license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en)
Long Descriptions
Figure 4.14 Long Description: Pencil drawing of a large, multi-floor building and a tall smoke stack to the far right. People fill the surrounding sidewalk and street cars and horses move through the streets. [Return to Figure 4.14.]
References: Chapter 3: Culture
3.1. What Is Culture?
Barger, K. (2008). “Ethnocentrism.” Indiana University. Retrieved from http://www.iupui.edu/~anthkb/ethnocen.htm.
Barthes, R. (1977). “Rhetoric of the image.” In, Image, music, text (pp. 32-51). New York, NY: Hill and Wang.
Berger, P. (1967). The sacred canopy: Elements of a theory of religion. New York, NY: Doubleday.
Darwin, C. R. (1871). The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. London, UK: John Murray.
DuBois, C. (1951, November 28). Culture shock [Presentation to panel discussion at the First Midwest Regional Meeting of the Institute of International Education. Also presented to the Women’s Club of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, August 3, 1954].
Fritz, T., Jentschke, S., Gosselin, N., Sammler, D., Peretz, I., Turner, R., . . . Koelsch, S. (2009). Universal recognition of three basic emotions in music. Current Biology, 19(7). doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2009.02.058.
Kymlicka, W. (2012). Multiculturalism: Success, failure, and the future. [PDF] Migration Policy Institute. Retrieved from http://www.upf.edu/dcpis/_pdf/2011-2012/forum/kymlicka.pdf.
Murdock, G. P. (1949). Social structure. New York, NY: Macmillan.
Oberg, K. (1960). Cultural shock: Adjustment to new cultural environments. Practical Anthropology, 7, 177–182.
Smith, D. (1987). The everyday world as problematic: A feminist sociology. Toronto, ON: University of Toronto Press.
Sumner, W. G. (1906). Folkways: A study of the sociological importance of usages, manners, customs, mores, and morals. New York, NY: Ginn and Co.
Angelini, P., & Broderick, M. (2012). Race and ethnicity: The obvious diversity. In Paul Angelini (Ed.), Our society: Human diversity in Canada (pp. 93-125). Toronto, ON: Nelson
Cook, J., & King, J. (1784). A voyage to the Pacific Ocean. London, UK: W. and A. Strahan. Retrieved from https://archive.org/details/voyagetopacifico03cook.
Lipset, S. M. (1990). Continental divide: The values and institutions of the United States and Canada. New York, NY: Routledge, Chapman, and Hall.
McRoberts, K. (1997). Misconceiving Canada: The struggle for national unity. Toronto, ON: Oxford University Press.
Mash potato. (2005, June). In Oxford English Dictionary online. Retrieved from http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/260911.
Passero, K. (2002, July). Global travel expert Roger Axtell explains why. Biography, pp. 70–73, 97–98.
Statistics Canada. (2007). Languages in Canada: 2001 census [PDF]. (Catalogue no. 96-326-XIE). Retrieved from http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/96-326-x/96-326-x2001001-eng.pdf.
Sumner, W. G. (1906). Folkways: A study of the sociological importance of usages, manners, customs, mores, and morals. New York, NY: Ginn and Co.
Swoyer, C. (2003). The linguistic relativity hypothesis. In E. N. Zalta (Ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Supplement to Relativism). Retrieved from http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2003/entries/relativism/supplement2.html.
Knox, J. (2014, February 16). Poll: B.C. women pickier than most in Canada on romance. Times Colonist, p. A2.
Weber, B. (2011, May 3). Harold Garfinkel, a common-sense sociologist, dies at 93. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/04/us/04garfinkel.html?_r=2.
Westcott, K. (2008, March 20). World’s best-known protest symbol turns 50. BBC News. Retrieved from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/magazine/7292252.stm.
3.3. Pop Culture, Subculture, and Cultural Change
Appadurai, A. (1996). Modernity at large: Cultural dimensions of globalization. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
Bosker, B. (2013). Original copies: Architectural mimicry in contemporary China. Honolulu, HI: University of Hawai’i Press.
Friesen, J. (2014, August 27 ). Tim Hortons: How a brand became part of our national identity. The Globe and Mail. Retrieved from http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/tim-hortons-how-a-brand-became-part-of-our-national-identity/article20217349/.
Greif, M. (2010, November 12). The hipster in the mirror. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/14/books/review/Greif-t.html?pagewanted=1.
Hebdige, D. (1979). Subculture: The meaning of style. London, UK: Methuen.
Lipset, S. M. (1990). Continental divide: The values and institutions of the United States and Canada. New York, NY: Routledge, Chapman and Hall.
Marx, K. (1977). The eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte. In D. McLellan (Ed.), Karl Marx: Selected writings (pp. 300-325). London, UK: Oxford University Press. (Original work published 1852).
Scheuerman, W. (2010, June 4). Globalization. In E. N. Zalta (Ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer ed.). Retrieved from http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2010/entries/globalization/.
3.4. Culture as Restriction: Rationalization and Commodification
Crompton, S. (2011, October 13). What’s stressing the stressed? Main sources of stress among workers [PDF]. (Statistics Canada catalogue no. 11-008-X). Retrieved from http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/11-008-x/2011002/article/11562-eng.pdf.
Davis, W. (2002). The naked geography of hope. Whole Earth, Spring, 57-61.
Marx, K. (1977). Capital. In D. McLellan (Ed.), Karl Marx: Selected writings (pp. 415-507). London, UK: Oxford University Press. (Original work published 1867).
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Statistics Canada. (2014). Perceived life stress, 2013. (Catalogue no. 82-625-X). Retrieved from http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/82-625-x/2014001/article/14023-eng.htm.
Weber, M. (1958). The Protestant ethic and the spirit of capitalism. New York, NY: Charles Scribner’s Sons. (Original work published 1904).
Weber, M. (1969). Science as a vocation. In Gerth & Mills (Eds.), From Max Weber: Essays in sociology (pp. 129-156). New York, NY: Oxford University Press. (Original work published 1919).
Weber, M. (1922). The permanent character of the bureaucratic machine. In Gerth & Mills (Eds.), From Max Weber: Essays in sociology (pp. 228-230). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
3.5 Theoretical Perspectives on Culture
Elections Canada. (2014). A history of the vote in Canada. Retrieved from http://www.elections.ca/content.aspx?section=res&dir=his&document=index&lang=e.
Malinowski, B. (1954). Magic, science and religion. New York, NY: Doubleday. (Original work published 1925).
Simmel, G. (1971). Fashion. In D. Levine (Ed.), On individuality and social forms (pp. 294–323). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. (Original work published 1904).
Image Attributions
Figure 3.3. Ruth Benedict (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ruth_Benedict.jpg) is in the public domain (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Public_domain#Material_in_the_public_domain)
Figure 3.7. Multilingual City by Michael Gil (http://www.flickr.com/photos/13907834@N00/4414065031) used under CC-BY 2.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/)
Figure 3.13. Canadian nurses voting 1917 by William Rider-Rider (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Canadian_nurses_voting_1917.jpg) is in public domain
Long Descriptions
Figure 3.25 Long description: A young woman leans against an old-style blue bike. She wears bright clothes, large glasses, knee high socks and an owl backpack.” [Return to Figure 3.25]
Figure 3.27 Long description: Betty the Beatnik with a collection of fashion choices including black, long sleeve shirts and turtlenecks, black pants, and long black dresses. [Return to Figure 3.27]
Figure 3.32 Long description: One man in an ill-fitting suit holds a sign ductaped together that says, “cobble, together, assorted software, to do music, movies and websites.’; The other man is dressed casually and holds a simple sign that says, “I come with iLife.” [Return to Figure 3.32]
References: Chapter 4: Socialization
4. Introduction to Socialization
DeGregory, L. (2008, July 31). The girl in the window. Tampa Bay Times. Retrieved from http://www.tampabay.com/features/humaninterest/article750838.ece.
Harlow, H. F. (1971). Learning to love. New York, NY: Ballantine.
Harlow, H. F., & Kuenne Harlow, M. (1962, November). Social deprivation in monkeys. Scientific American, 137–46.
4.1. Theories of Self Development
Bem, S. (1989). Genital knowledge and gender constancy. Child Development, 60, 649-662.
Bloom, L. (2011, June 22). How to talk to little girls. The Huffington Post. Retrieved from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/lisa-bloom/how-to-talk-to-little-gir_b_882510.html.
Cooley, C. H. (1902). The looking glass self. Human Nature and Social Order (pp. 179–185). New York, NY: Scribner’s.
Durkheim, É. (2011) . Suicide. London, UK: Routledge. (Original work published 1897).
Erikson, E. (1963). Childhood and society. New York, NY: W. W. Norton.
Fagot, B. I., Leinbach, M. D., & Hagan, R. (1986). Gender labeling and the adoption of sex-typed behaviors. Developmental Psychology, 224(4), 440-443. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.22.4.440.
Fagot, B. I., & Leinbach, M. D. (1989). The young child’s gender schema: Environmental input, internal organization. Child Development, 60: 663-672.
Freud, S. (2000). Three essays on theories of sexuality. New York, NY: Basic Books. (Original work published 1905).
Gilligan, C. (1982). In a different voice: Psychological theory and women’s development. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Gilligan, C. (1990). Making connections: The relational worlds of adolescent girls at Emma Willard School. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Haney, P. (2011, June 28). Genderless preschool in Sweden. Neatorama. Retrieved from http://www.neatorama.com/2011/06/28/genderless-preschool-in-sweden.
Kohlberg, L. (1981). The psychology of moral development: The nature and validity of moral stages. New York, NY: Harper and Row.
Lasch, C. (1979). The culture of narcissism: American life in an age of diminishing expectations. New York, NY: W. W. Norton & Co.
Mead, G. H. (1934). In C. W. Morris (Ed.), Mind, self and society. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Orenstein, P. (2012). Cinderella ate my daughter. New York, NY: Harper Collins.
4.2. Why Socialization Matters
Brabham, D. (2001, August 21). The smart guy. [PDF] Newsday. Retrieved from http://www.megafoundation.org/CTMU/Press/TheSmartGuy.pdf.
Brym, R., Roberts, L. W., Lie, J., & Rytina, S. (2013). Sociology: Your compass for a new world (4th ed.)Toronto, ON: Nelson.
Carey, N. (2012). The epigenetics revolution: How modern biology is rewriting our understanding of genetics, disease and inheritance. New York, NY: Columbia University Press.
Flam, F. (2007, December 9). Separated twins shed light on identity issues. The Philadelphia Inquirer. Retrieved from http://www.chron.com/news/nation-world/article/Separated-twins-shed-light-on-identity-issues-1808191.php.
Gladwell, M. (2008). The trouble with geniuses, Part 2. In, Outliers: The story of success. New York, NY: Little, Brown and Company.
Spratling, C. (2007, November 25). Nature and nurture. Detroit Free Press. Retrieved from http://articles.southbendtribune.com/2007-11-25/news/26786902_1_twins-adoption-identical-strangers.
Sternberg, R. J., Forsythe, G. B., Hedlund, J., Horvath, J., Snook, S., Williams, W. M., Wagner, R. K., & Grigorenko, E. L. (2000). Practical intelligence in everyday life. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
4.3. Agents of Socialization
Associated Press. (2011, October 23). Swedish dads swap work for child care. The Gainesville Sun. Retrieved from http://www.gainesville.com/article/20111023/wire/111029834?template=printpicart.
Barnes, B. (2010, December 20). Pixar removes its first female director. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/10/20/first-woman-to-direct-a-pixar-film-is-instead-first-to-be-replaced/?ref=arts.
Bowles, S., & Gintis, H. (1976). Schooling in capitalistic America: Educational reforms and the contradictions of economic life. New York, NY: Basic Books.
Crampton, T. (2002, February 12). The ongoing battle over Japan’s textbooks. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2002/02/12/news/12iht-rtexts_ed3_.html.
Davis, A. (1944). Socialization and adolescent personality. In, Adolescence, Yearbook of the National Society for the Study of Education, 1944, 43(Part I).
Davis, W. (1985). The serpent and the rainbow. New York, NY: Simon and Schuster.
Friedenberg, E. (1959). The vanishing adolescent. Boston, MA: Beacon Press.
Granatstein, J. L. (1998). Who killed Canadian history? Toronto, ON: HarperCollins.
Kohn, M. L. (1977). Class and conformity: A study in values. Homewood, IL: Dorsey Press.
Marshall, K. (2008). Fathers’ use of paid parental leave [PDF](Statistics Canada catalogue no. 75-001-X.) Retrieved from http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/75-001-x/2008106/pdf/10639-eng.pdf.
National Opinion Research Center. (2008). General social surveys, 1972–2006: Cumulative codebook. Chicago, IL: National Opinion Research Center.
O’Connor, L. (2011, January 26). The princess effect: Are girls too “tangled” in Disney’s fantasy? Annenberg Digital News. Retrieved from http://www.neontommy.com/news/2011/01/princess-effect-are-girls-too-tangled-disneys-fantasy.
OECD. (2013). Education at a glance 2013: OECD indicators. Paris, France: OECD Publishing. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/eag-2013-en.
Oliveira, M. (2013, April 26). Canadians watch 30 hours of TV but for many web dominates free time. Toronto Star. Retrieved from http://www.thestar.com/life/technology/2013/04/26/canadians_watch_30_hours_of_tv_but_for_many_web_dominates_free_time.html.
Piaget, J. (1947). The psychology of intelligence. New York, NY: Harcourt, Brace.
Roberts, D. F., Foehr, U. G., & Rideout, V. (2005). Parents, children, and media: A Kaiser Family Foundation survey. [PDF] The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. Retrieved from http://www.kff.org/entmedia/upload/7638.pdf.
Rose, S. (2011, July 14). Studio Ghibli: Leave the boys behind. The Guardian. Retrieved from http://www.guardian.co.uk/film/2011/jul/14/studio-ghibli-arrietty-heroines.
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Statistics Canada. (2013). General Social Survey: Time use 2010. The Daily. Retrieved from http://www.statcan.gc.ca/daily-quotidien/110712/dq110712b-eng.htm.
The Telegraph. (2001, August 13). South Koreans sever fingers in anti-Japan protest. The Telegraph. Retrieved from http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/1337272/South-Koreans-sever-fingers-in-anti-Japan-protest.html.
Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor. (2010, September 10). Number of jobs held, labor market activity, and earnings growth among the youngest baby boomers [PDF]. (Publication no. USDL-15-0528). Retrieved from http://www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/nlsoy.pdf.
4.4. Socialization Across the Life Course
Anderssen, Erin. 2016. Through the eyes of Generation Z. Retrieved from http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/through-the-eyes-of-generation-z/article30571914/.
Bauman, Z. (2004). Identity: Conversations with Benedetto Vecchi. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.
Bauman, Z. (2005). Liquid life. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.
Goffman, I. (1961). Asylums: Essays on the social situation of mental patients and other inmates. New York, NY: Anchor Books.
Henig, R. M. (2010, August 18). What is it about twenty-somethings? The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/22/magazine/22Adulthood-t.html?adxnnl=1&adxnnlx=1325202682-VVzEPjqlYdkfmWonoE3Spg.
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Prince of Wales. (2012b). Prince Harry, gap year. Retrieved from http://www.princeofwales.gov.uk/personalprofiles/princeharry/biography/gapyear/index.html.
Sapers, H. (2013). Annual report of the Office of the Correctional Investigator: 2012-2013. [PDF] (Catalogue no. PS100-2013E-PDF). Retrieved from http://www.oci-bec.gc.ca/cnt/rpt/pdf/annrpt/annrpt20122013-eng.pdf.
Setterson, R. A., Jr. (2002). Socialization in the life course: New frontiers in theory and research. New Frontiers in Socialization, 7. Oxford, UK: Elsevier Science Ltd.
Tsintziras, A. (2013, July 26). Millennials and anxiety: Is Generation Y anxious? The Huffington Post. Retrieved from http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2013/07/26/millenials-and-anxiety_n_3652976.html.
UNICEF. (2011). Percentage of children aged 5–14 engaged in child labour. Retrieved from http://www.childinfo.org/labour_countrydata.php.
Image Attributions
Figure 4.8. Prince William by Alexandre Goulet (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2007_WSJ_Prince_William.jpg) used Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en)
Long Descriptions
Figure 5.6 Long Description: Psychology and sociology have some overlap. Sociological social psychology (SSP) emphasizes a subject’s location in social order, their socialized roles, and historical social context. Psychological social psychology (PSP) emphasizes a subject’s mental processes, dispositions, experiences, and immediate social situation. [Return to Figure 5.6].
Figure 5.7 Long Description: A girl wears a sweater and jeans and looks into a mirror. The mirror represents Facebook and shows her reflection wearing a long, professional dress. [Return to Figure 5.7].
References: Chapter 5: Social Inequality
5.0. Introduction to Social Inequality in Canada
Bourdieu, P. (1990). The logic of practice. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
CBC Radio. (2010, September 14). Part 3: Former gang members. The Current [Audio file]. Retrieved from http://www.cbc.ca/thecurrent/2010/09/september-14-2010.html.
Rogers, T., & Brehl, R. (2008). Ted Rogers: Relentless. The true story of the man behind Rogers Communications. Toronto, ON: HarperCollins.
5.1. What Is Social Stratification?
Boyd, M. (2008). A socioeconomic scale for Canada: measuring occupational status from the census. Canadian Review of Sociology, 45(1), 51-91.
Kashmeri, Z. (1990, October 13). Segregation deeply embedded in India. The Globe and Mail.
Kerbo, H. (2006). Social stratification and inequality: Class conflict in historical, comparative, and global perspective. Boston, MA: McGraw Hill.
Köhler, N. (2010, November 22). An uncommon princess. Maclean’s. Retrieved from http://www2.macleans.ca/2010/11/22/an-uncommon-princess/.
McKee, V. (1996, June 9). Blue blood and the color of money. The New York Times.
Marquand, R. (2011, April 15). What Kate Middleton’s wedding to Prince William could do for Britain. Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved from http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Europe/2011/0415/What-Kate-Middleton-s-wedding-to-Prince-William-could-do-for-Britain.
5.2. Social Inequality and Mobility in Canada
Abercrombie, N., & Urry, J. (1983). Capital, labour and the middle classes. London, UK: George Allen & Unwin.
Beeghley, L. (2008). The structure of social stratification in the United States. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Corak, M., Curtis, L., & Phipps, S. (2010). Economic mobility, family background, and the well-being of children in the United States and Canada. [PDF] Institute for the Study of Labor. (Discussion paper no. 4814). Bonn, Germany. Retrieved from http://ftp.iza.org/dp4814.pdf.
DeVine, C. (2005). Class in turn-of-the-century novels of Gissing, James, Hardy and Wells. London, UK: Ashgate Publishing Co.
Gilbert, D. (2010). The American class structure in an age of growing inequality. Newbury Park, CA: Pine Forge Press.
Hollett, K. (2015). BC Supreme Court rules homeless have right to public spaces. Pivotlegal.org. Retrieved from http://www.pivotlegal.org/bc_supreme_court_rules_homeless_have_right_to_public_space.
Human Resources and Skills Development Canada. (2010). Average annual percentage wage adjustments. Retrieved from http://www.hrsdc.gc.ca/eng/labour/labour_relations/info_analysis/wages/adjustments/2010/09/quarterly.shtml.
Johnstone, A., & Cooper, T. (2013, May 1). It pays to pay a living wage. CCPA Monitor. Retrieved from https://www.policyalternatives.ca/publications/monitor/it-pays-pay-living-wage.
McArthur, G. (2013, November 23). Assessing the financial affairs of “average guy” Mayor Rob Ford. The Globe and Mail. Retrieved from http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/toronto/assessing-the-financial-affairs-of-average-guy-mayor-rob-ford/article15574327/.
McDonald, D. (2014). Outrageous fortune: Documenting Canada’s wealth gap. [PDF] Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives. Retrieved from https://www.policyalternatives.ca/sites/default/files/uploads/publications/National%20Office/2014/04/Outrageous_Fortune.pdf.
McFarland, J. (2011, May 29). Back in the green: CEO pay jumps 13 per cent. The Globe and Mail. Retrieved from http://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/careers/management/back-in-the-green-ceo-pay-jumps-13-per-cent/article582023/.
Osberg, L. (2008). A quarter century of economic inequality in Canada: 1981-2006. [PDF] Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives. Retrieved from http://www.policyalternatives.ca/sites/default/files/uploads/publications/National_Office_Pubs/2008/Quarter_Century_of_Inequality.pdf.
Retail Council of Canada. (2014). Minimum wage by province. RCC: The Voice of Retail. Retrieved from http://www.retailcouncil.org/quickfacts/minimum-wage.
Statistics Canada. (2013, January 28). The daily — high-income trends among Canadian taxfilers, 1982 to 2010. Retrieved from http://www.statcan.gc.ca/daily-quotidien/130128/dq130128a-eng.htm.
Townsend, P. (1979). Poverty in the United Kingdom. London, UK: Penguin.
United Nations. (1995). Chapter 2: Eradication of poverty. The Copenhagen Declaration and Programme of Action, World Summit for Social Development. Retrieved from http://www.un.org/esa/socdev/wssd/text-version/agreements/poach2.htm.
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Williams, R. (1984). Keywords: A vocabulary of culture and society. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. (Original work published 1976).
Yalnizyan, A. (2007, March 1). The rich and the rest of us: The changing face of Canada’s growing gap. [PDF] Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives. Retrieved from https://www.policyalternatives.ca/sites/default/files/uploads/publications/National_Office_Pubs/2007/The_Rich_and_the_Rest_of_Us.pdf.
Yalnizyan, A. (2010). The rise of Canada’s richest 1%. [PDF] Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives. Retrieved from http://www.policyalternatives.ca/sites/default/files/uploads/publications/National%20Office/2010/12/Richest%201%20Percent.pdf.
5.3. Global Stratification and Inequality
Beck, U. (2000). What is globalization? Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.
Campbell, B. (2013). The petro-path not taken: Comparing Norway with Canada and Alberta’s management of petroleum wealth. [PDF] Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives. Retrieved from http://www.policyalternatives.ca/sites/default/files/uploads/publications/National%20Office/2013/01/Petro%20Path%20Not%20Taken_0.pdf.
CBC News. (2013, October 19). Former Fed chair Alan Greenspan on his free-market views. CBC. Retrieved from http://www.cbc.ca/news/business/former-fed-chair-alan-greenspan-on-his-free-market-views-1.2287039.
Hardt, M., & Negri, A. (2000). Empire. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Harvey, D. (1989). The condition of postmodernity: An enquiry into the origins of cultural change. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell.
Harvey, D. (2005). A brief history of neoliberalism. London, UK: Oxford University Press.
Landler, M., & Sanger, D. E. (2009, April 3). World leaders pledge $1.1 trillion for crisis. The New York Times. Retrieved form http://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/03/world/europe/03summit.html.
Marx, K., & Engels, F. (1977). The communist manifesto. In D. McLellan (Ed.), Karl Marx: Selected writings (pp. 221–247). London, UK: Oxford University Press. (Original work published 1848.)
Millennium Project. (2006). Expanding the financial envelope to achieve the goals. Retrieved from http://www.unmillenniumproject.org/reports/costs_benefits2.htm.
Negri, A. (2004). Negri on Negri. New York, NY: Routledge
OECD. (2015, July 7). OECD health statistics 2015. Retrieved from http://www.oecd.org/els/health-systems/health-data.htm.
Rostow, W. W. (1960). The Stages of economic growth: A non-communist manifesto. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.
United Nations. (2015). The millennium development goals report [PDF]. Retrieved from http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/2015_MDG_Report/pdf/MDG%202015%20rev%20(July%201).pdf.
5.4. Theoretical Perspectives on Social Stratification
Abercrombie, N., & Urry, J. (1983). Capital, labour and the middle classes. London, UK: George Allen & Unwin.
Basketball-reference.com. (2011). 2010–11 Los Angeles Lakers roster and statistics. Retrieved from http://www.basketball-reference.com/teams/LAL/2011.html.
Bourdieu, P. (1984). Distinction: A social critique of the judgement of taste. New York, NY: Routledge.
Davis, K., & Moore, W. E. (1945). Some principles of stratification. American Sociological Review, 10(2), 242–249. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/2085643.
Marx, K. (1848). Manifesto of the Communist Party. Retrieved from http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/.
Shaienks, D., & Gluszynski, T. (2007). Participation in postsecondary education. Culture, Tourism and the Centre for Education Statistics Research Papers. Statistics Canada. Retrieved from http://www.pisa.gc.ca/eng/participation.shtml.
Statistics Canada. (2013, January 28). The Daily — High-income trends among Canadian taxfilers, 1982 to 2010. Retrieved from http://www.statcan.gc.ca/daily-quotidien/130128/dq130128a-eng.htm.
Tumin, M. M. (1953). Some principles of stratification: A critical analysis. American Sociological Review, 18(4), 387–394.
Veblen, T. (1994). The theory of the leisure class. New York, NY: Dover. (Original work published 1899).
Yalnizyan, A. (2007, March). “The rich and the rest of us: The changing face of Canada’s growing gap.” [PDF] Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives. Retrieved from https://www.policyalternatives.ca/sites/default/files/uploads/publications/National_Office_Pubs/2007/The_Rich_and_the_Rest_of_Us.pdf.
Yalnizyan, A. (2010, December). The rise of Canada’s richest 1%. Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives. [PDF] Retrieved from http://www.policyalternatives.ca/sites/default/files/uploads/publications/National%20Office/2010/12/Richest%201%20Percent.pdf.
Image Attributions
Figure 5.1. Rolls Royce outside the Bellagio hotel in Las Vegas by Dave_7 (https://www.flickr.com/photos/daveseven/5781666396/) used under a CC BY 2.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/)
Figure 5.2. Statue of Ted Rogers by Oaktree (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ted_Rogers_Statue_Toronto.JPG) is used under a Free Art License.
Figure 5.8. Downtown Eastside by Wayne Stadler (https://www.flickr.com/photos/waynerd/3081073598/) used under a CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/)
Table 5.2. Share of Aggregate Incomes Received by each Quintile of Families and Unattached Individuals in Osberg (2008) is used under a CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 license (https://www.policyalternatives.ca/terms)
Table 5.3. Gini index of inequality: 1980-2005 in Osberg (2008) is used under a CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 license (https://www.policyalternatives.ca/terms)
Table 5.4. Gini Coefficients of Income Concentration in 27 OECD Countries in Osberg (2008) is used under a CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 license (https://www.policyalternatives.ca/terms)
Figure 5.9: Miners in Nanaimo, BC, Image B-03624, Royal BC Museum, BC Archives, is in the public domain (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_domain)
Figure 5.10. James & Laura Dunsmuir in Italian Garden, CA RRU 2011.025-B-1-11, Royal Roads University Archives, is in the public domain (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_domain)
Figure 5.12 Karl Marx courtesy of John Mayall (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Portraits_of_Karl_Marx#/media/File:Karl_Marx_coloured.gif) is in the public domain
Figure 5.17. Charles Dickens by Jeremiah Gurney (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dickens_Gurney_head.jpg) is in the public domain (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_domain)
Figure 5.20. Pierre Trudeau 1975 (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pierre_Trudeau_%281975%29.jpg) used under a CC BY-SA 3.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en)
Figure 5.21. 1964 …Solo and Illya! by James Vaughan (https://www.flickr.com/photos/x-ray_delta_one/4169455648) used under a CC BY-NC-SA 2.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/)
Figure 5.22. Towards the Dawn by the Cooperative Commonwealth Federation (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Towards_the_Dawn.jpg) is in the public domain.
Figure 5.23. Imelda Marcos shoes by Vince Lamb (https://www.flickr.com/photos/22320444@N08/4999794433/) used under a CC BY-NC-SA 2.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/).
References: Chapter 6
6.1. Education around the World
Knighton, Tamara, Perre Brochu and Tomasz Gluszynski. (2010, December). Measuring up: Canadian results of the OECD PISA study [PDF]. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 81-590-X. Retrieved July 7, 2014, from http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/81-590-x/81-590-x2010001-eng.pdf.
Morgan, Charlotte. (2003). A brief history of special education. [PDF] ETFO Voice, Winter: 10-14. Retrieved July 7, 2014, from http://www.etfo.ca/SiteCollectionDocuments/Publication%20Documents/Voice%20-%20School%20Year%202002-3/Winter%202003/Brief_History_Special_Ed.pdf.
National Public Radio. (2010, December 10). Study confirms U.S. falling behind in education. All Things Considered. Retrieved July 12, 2016 from http://www.npr.org/2010/12/07/131884477/Study-Confirms-U-S-Falling-Behind-In-Education
OECD. (2013). Education at a glance 2013: OECD indicators. [PDF] OECD Publishing. Retrieved July 7, 2014, from http://www.oecd.org/edu/eag2013%20%28eng%29–FINAL%2020%20June%202013.pdf.
Siegel, Linda and Stewart Ladyman. (2000). A review of special education in British Columbia. [PDF] Victoria: B.C. Ministry of Education. Retrieved July 7, 2014, from http://www.featbc.org/downloads/review.pdf.
Statistics Canada. (2012, September). Education indicators in Canada: An international perspective. [PDF] Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 81-604-X. Retrieved July 7, 2014, from http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/81-604-x/81-604-x2012001-eng.pdf.
World Bank. (2011). Education in Afghanistan. Retrieved December 14, 2011, from http://go.worldbank.org/80UMV47QB0.
6.2. Theoretical Perspectives on Education
Berger, Joseph, Anne Motte and Andrew Parkin (Eds.). (2009). The price of knowledge access and student finance in Canada (Fourth Edition) [PDF]. Montreal: Canada Millennium Scholarship Foundation. Retrieved July 7, 2014, from https://qspace.library.queensu.ca/bitstream/1974/5780/1/POKVol4_EN.pdf.
Dehaas, Josh. (2011, June 17). Are today’s students too confident? Sixty per cent think they’re above average. Macleans. Retrieved July 7, 2014, from http://www.macleans.ca/education/uniandcollege/are-todays-students-too-confident/.
Durkheim, Émile. (1956). Education and sociology. New York: Free Press. (original work published 1898)
Education Week. (2004, August 4). Tracking. Education Week. Retrieved February 24, 2012 from http://www.edweek.org/ew/issues/tracking/.
Iverson, Jeremy. (2006). High school confidential. New York: Atria.
Mansfield, Harvey C. (2001). Grade inflation: It’s time to face the facts. The Chronicle of Higher Education, 47(30): B24.
Merton, Robert K. (1968). Social theory and social structure. New York: Free Press.
National Public Radio. (2004, April 28). Princeton takes steps to fight ‘grade inflation.’ Day to Day, April 28.
OECD. (2012). Education at a glance: OECD indicators [PDF] 2012. OECD Publishing. Retrieved July 7, 2014, from http://www.oecd.org/edu/EAG%202012_e-book_EN_200912.pdf.
Statistics Canada. (2013). Summary elementary and secondary school indicators for Canada, the provinces and territories, 2006/2007 to 2010/2011. [PDF] Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 81‑595‑M — No. 099. Retrieved July 7, 2014, from http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/81-595-m/81-595-m2013099-eng.pdf.
Turcotte, Martin. (2011, December). Women in Canada: A gender-based statistical report. [PDF] Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 89-503-X. Retrieved July 7, 2014, from http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/89-503-x/2010001/article/11542-eng.pdf.
UNESCO. (2005). Towards knowledge societies: UNESCO world report. Paris: UNESCO Publishing.
World Bank. (2007). World development report. Washington, DC: World Bank.
Image Attributions
Figure 6.1 Living seasons in a Hopi village by U.S. Embassy Canada (https://www.flickr.com/photos/us_mission_canada/8197704623/in/set-72157632038837142) used under CC BY 2.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/)
References: Chapter 7: Marriage and Families
7. Introduction to Marriage and Family
Jayson, Sharon. (2008). Census Reports More Unmarried Couples Living Together. USA Today, July 28. Retrieved February 12, 2012, from http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/census/2008-07-28-cohabitation-census_N.htm.
Statistics Canada. (2012). Portrait of Families and Living Arrangements in Canada: Families, households and marital status, 2011 Census of Population [PDF]. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-312-X2011001. Retrieved July 2, 2014, from http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/as-sa/98-312-x/98-312-x2011001-eng.pdf
Useem, Andrea. (2007). What to Expect When You’re Expecting a Co-Wife. Slate, July 24. Retrieved January 16, 2012, from http://www.slate.com/articles/life/faithbased/2007/07/what_to_expect_when_youre_expecting_a_cowife.html.
7.1. What Is Marriage? What Is a Family?
Acevedo, Bianca, Arthur Aron, Helen E. Fisher and Lucy Brown. (2012). Neural correlates of long-term intense
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Bartels, Andreas and Semir Zeki. (2004). The neural correlates of maternal and romantic love. NeuroImage, 21: 1155– 1166.
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7.2. Variations in Family Life
Bakalar, Nicholas. (2010). Education, faith, and a likelihood to wed. New York Times, March 22. Retrieved February 14, 2012, from http://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/23/health/23stat.html.
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Employment and Social Development Canada. (2014b). Indicators of well-being in Canada: Family life – marriage. Employment and Social Development Canada. Retrieved July 5, 2014, from http://www4.hrsdc.gc.ca/.3ndic.1t.4r@-eng.jsp?iid=78.
Friedan, Betty. (1963). The feminine mystique. NY: W.W. Norton & Company.
Houseknecht, Sharon and Jaya Sastry. (1996). Family ‘decline’ and child well-being. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 58(3): 726-739.
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Hurley, Dan. (2005). Divorce rate: It’s not as high as you think. New York Times, April 19. Retrieved February 14, 2012, from http://www.nytimes.com/2005/04/19/health/19divo.html.
Jayson, Sharon. (2010). Report: Cohabiting has little effect on marriage success. USA Today, October 14. Retrieved February 14, 2012, from http://www.usatoday.com/news/health/2010-03-02-cohabiting02_N.htm.
LaRossa, Ralph and Donald Reitzes. (1993). Symbolic interactionism and family studies. Sourcebook of Family Theories and Methods: A Contextual Approach. New York: Plenum Press.
Le Bourdais, Celine and Heather Juby. (2002). The impact of cohabitation on the family life course in contemporary North America: Insights from across the border. In Booth, Alan and Ann Crouter (Eds.), Just Living Together: Implications of Cohabitation for Children, Family and Social Policy (pp. 107-118). NY: Psychology Press.
Lee, Gary. (1982). Family structure and interaction: A Comparative Analysis. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
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To, Teresa, Astrid Guttmann, Paul Dick, Jay Rosenfield, Patricia Parkin, Marjan Tassoudji, Tatiana Vydykhan, Hongmei Cao, Jennifer K. Harris. (2004). Risk markers for poor developmental attainment in young children: Results from a longitudinal national survey. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, 158(7):643-649.
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7.3. Challenges Families Face
Amato, Paul. (2000). What children learn from divorce. Journal of Family Issues, 21(8):1061–1086.
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Benson, Michael and Greer Fox. (2004). When violence hits home: How economics and neighborhood play a role. Washington, DC: National Institutes of Justice.
Berlin, Lisa. (2009). Correlates and consequences of spanking and verbal punishment for low-income White, African American, and Mexican American toddlers. Child Development, 80(5):1403–1420.
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Centers for Disease Control. (2012). Understanding intimate partner violence. [PDF] Retrieved January 16, 2012, from http://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/pdf/ipv_factsheet-a.pdf.
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Elliot, Diana. (2010). Embracing the institution of marriage: The characteristics of remarried Americans. U.S. Census Bureau.
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Popenoe, David and Barbara D. Whitehead. (2001). Top ten myths of divorce. University of Virginia/National Marriage Project/The State of Our Unions.
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Image Attributions
Figure 7.13. This CT scan is an example of Subdural haemorrhage caused by trauma by Glitzy queen00 (http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ficheiro:Trauma_subdural_arrow.jpg) is in the public domain (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_domain)
References: Chapter 8: Crime, Deviance, and Social Control
8. Introduction to Deviance, Crime, and Social Control
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Hacking, I. (2006, August). Making up people. London Review of Books, 28(16/17), 23-26.
Hare, R. D. (1999). Without conscience: The disturbing world of the psychopaths among us. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
Rimke, H. (2011). The pathological approach to crime. In Kirstin Kramar (Ed.), Criminology: critical Canadian perspectives (pp. 79-92). Toronto, ON: Pearson.
8.1. Deviance and Control
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Murphy, E. (1973). The black candle. Toronto, ON: Coles Publishing. (Original work published 1922).
O’Malley, P. (1998). Consuming risks: Harm minimization and the government of ‘drug-users.’ In Russell Smandych (Ed.), Governable places: Readings on governmentality and crime control. Brookfield, VT: Ashgate.
Schoepflin, T. (2011, January 28). Deviant while driving? [Blog post]. Everyday Sociology Blog. Retrieved from http://nortonbooks.typepad.com/everydaysociology/2011/01/deviant-while-driving.html.
Sumner, W. G. (1955). Folkways. New York, NY: Dover. (Original work published 1906).
8.2. Theoretical Perspectives on Deviance
Becker, H. (1953). Becoming a marijuana user. American Journal of Sociology, 59(Nov.), 235-242.
Becker, H. (1963). Outsiders: Studies in the sociology of deviance. New York, NY: Free Press.
Boyce, J. (2013, June 13). Adult criminal court statistics in Canada, 2011/2012. [PDF] Juristat. (Statistics Canada catologue no. 85-002-X). Retrieved from http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/85-002-x/2013001/article/11804-eng.pdf.
Cicourel, A. (1968). The social organization of juvenile justice. New York, NY: Wiley.
Durkheim, É. (1997). The division of labor in society. New York, NY: Free Press. (Original work published 1893).
Hirschi, T. (1969). Causes of delinquency. Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA: University of California Press.
Howlett, D. (2013, June). Canadians for tax fairness [PDF]. Retrieved from http://www.taxfairness.ca/sites/taxfairness.ca/files/pdf/g8_edition_newsletter_2.pdf.
Johnson, H. (1996). Dangerous domains: Violence against women in Canada. Toronto, ON: Nelson.
Kong, R., Johnson, H., Beattie, S., & Cardillo, A. (2003). Sexual offences in Canada. Juristat, 23(6). (Statistics Canada catologue no. 85-002-XIE). Ottawa, ON: Statistics Canada.
Kramar, K. (2011). Criminology: Critical Canadian perspectives. Toronto, ON: Pearson.
Laub, J. H. (2006). Edwin H. Sutherland and the Michael-Adler report: Searching for the soul of criminology seventy years later. Criminology, 44, 235–57.
McFarland, J., & Blackwell, R. (2013, January 14). Three former Nortel executives found not guilty of fraud. The Globe and Mail. Retrieved from http://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/industry-news/the-law-page/three-former-nortel-executives-found-not-guilty-of-fraud/article7319241/.
McLaren, A. [Angus], & McLaren, A. [Arlene]. (1997). The bedroom and the state: The changing practices and politics of contraception and abortion in Canada, 1880-1997. Toronto, ON: Oxford.
McKenna, B. (2014, February 24). White-collar crime hits more than a third of Canadian organizations. The Globe and Mail. Retrieved from http://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/white-collar-crime-rises-in-canada/article17058885/.
Pyke, A. (2013, August 7). Are regulators throwing in the towel on financial crisis investigations? ThinkProgress. Retrieved from http://thinkprogress.org/economy/2013/08/07/2427981/is-the-sec-throwing-in-the-towel-on-financial-crisis-investigations/.
Quinney, R. (1977). Class, state and crime: On the theory and practice of criminal justice. New York, NY: Longman.
Rusnell, C. (2012, June 22). Enbridge staff ignored warnings in Kalamazoo River spill. CBC News. Retrieved from http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/enbridge-staff-ignored-warnings-in-kalamazoo-river-spill-1.1129398.
Samuelson, L. (2000). The Canadian criminal justice system: Inequalities of class, race and gender. In B. Singh Bolaria (Ed.), Social issues and contradictions in Canadian society (pp. 273-303). Toronto, ON: Nelson.
Sharpe, A., & Hardt, J. (2006, December). Five deaths a day: Workplace fatalities in Canada, 1993-2005. [PDF] (Centre for the Study of Living Standards Research Paper 2006-04). Retrieved from http://www.csls.ca/reports/csls2006-04.pdf.
Sinha, M. (Ed.). (2013, February 25). Measuring violence against women: Statistical trends. [PDF] Juristat. (Statistics Canada catologue no. 85-002-X). Retrieved from Statistics Canada: http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/85-002-x/2013001/article/11766-eng.pdf.
Snider, L. (1994). The regulatory dance: Understanding reform processes in corporate crime. In R. Hinch (Ed.), Readings in critical criminology. Scarborough, ON: Prentice Hall.
Tencer, D. (2013, May 10). Offshore tax haven prosecution pitifully low as sheltered money spikes: Reports. Huffington Post. Retrieved from http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2013/05/10/offshore-tax-havens-canada-evasion_n_3253504.html.
Wheeler, S. (1961). Socialization in correctional communities. American Sociological Review, 26, 697-712.
Zhang, T. (2008). Costs of crime in Canada, 2008. [PDF] Department of Justice Canada. Retrieved from http://www.justice.gc.ca/eng/rp-pr/csj-sjc/crime/rr10_5/rr10_5.pdf.
8.3. Crime and the Law
Department of Justice Canada, Aboriginal Justice Directorate. (2005, December). Aboriginal justice strategy annual activities report 2002-2005. [PDF] Retrieved from http://www.justice.gc.ca/eng/rp-pr/aj-ja/0205/rep-rap.pdf.
Allen, M., & Boyce, J. (2013). Police-reported hate crime in Canada, 2011. [PDF] (Statistics Canada catologue no. 85-002-X). Retrieved from http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/85-002-x/2013001/article/11822-eng.pdf.
Boyd, S., & Carter, C. (2014). Killer weed: Marijuana grow ops, media, and justice. Toronto, ON: University of Toronto Press.
Bureau of Justice Statistics. (2011). U.S. correctional population declined for second consecutive year. Retrieved from http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/press/p10cpus10pr.cfm.
Cohen, S. (1972). Folk devils and moral panics. London, UK: MacGibbon & Kee.
Correctional Investigator Canada. (2013). Annual report of the Office of the Correctional Investigator: 2012-2013 [PDF]. Retrieved from http://www.oci-bec.gc.ca/cnt/rpt/pdf/annrpt/annrpt20122013-eng.pdf.
Dauvergne, M. (2012, October 11). Adult correctional statistics in Canada, 2010/2011. [PDF] Juristat. (Statistics Canada catologue No. 85-002-X). Retrieved from http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/85-002-x/2012001/article/11715-eng.pdf.
Department of Justice Canada. (2013, April 30). Community-based sentencing: The perspectives of crime victims. Retrieved from http://www.justice.gc.ca/eng/rp-pr/cj-jp/victim/rr04_vic1/p1.html.
Edmiston, J. (2012, August 4). Canada’s inexplicable anxiety over violent crime. National Post. Retrieved from http://news.nationalpost.com/2012/08/04/canadas-inexplicable-anxiety-over-violent-crime/.
Galloway, G. (2011, July 21). Crime falls to 1973 levels as Tories push for sentencing reform. The Globe and Mail. Retrieved from http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/politics/crime-falls-to-1973-levels-as-tories-push-for-sentencing-reform/article600886.
Garland, D. (1985). Punishment and welfare: A history of penal strategies. Brookfield, VT: Gower Publishing.
Liptak, A. (2008, April 23). Inmate count in U.S. dwarfs other nations’. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/23/us/23prison.html?ref=adamliptak.
Miljan, L. (2001, March). Murder, mayhem, and television news. Fraser Forum, 17-18.
Perreault, S. (2013, July 25). Police-reported crime statistics in Canada, 2012. [PDF] Jurisdat. (Statistics Canada catologue no. 85-002-X). Retrieved from http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/85-002-x/2013001/article/11854-eng.pdf.
Perreault, S. & Brennan, S. (2010, Summer). Criminal victimization in Canada, 2009. Juristat. (Statistics Canada catologue no. 85-002-X). Retrieved from http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/85-002-x/2010002/article/11340-eng.htm#a18.
R. v. Miloszewski. (1999, November 16). BCJ No. 2710. British Columbia Provincial Court.
Nagin, D., Cullen, F., & Lero Jonson, C. (2009). Imprisonment and reoffending. In M. Tonry (Ed.), Crime and Justice: A Review of Research, 38. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Silver, W., Mihorean, K., & Taylor-Butts, A. (2004). Hate crime in Canada. Juristat, 24(4). (Statistics Canada catologue no. 85-002-XPE). Retrieved from http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/85-002-x/85-002-x2004004-eng.pdf.
Stockwell, T., Sturge, J., Jones, W., Fischer, B., & Carter, C. (2006, September). Cannabis use in British Columbia. [PDF] Centre for Addictions Research of BC: Bulletin 2. Retrieved from http://carbc.ca/portals/0/propertyagent/558/files/19/carbcbulletin2.pdf.
Strang, H., Sherman, L. W., Mayo-Wilson, E., Woods, D., & Ariel, B. (2013, November 11). Restorative justice conferencing (RJC) using face-to-face meetings of offenders and victims: Effects on offender recidivism and victim satisfaction. A systematic review. Campbell Systematic Reviews. Retrieved from http://www.campbellcollaboration.org/lib/project/63/.
Wortley, S. (2003). Hidden intersections: Research on race, crime, and criminal justice in Canada. Canadian Ethnic Studies, 35(3), 99-117.
Image Attributions
Figure 8.1. DEXTER by pimkie (https://www.flickr.com/photos/pimkie_fotos/3484952865/) used under CC BY SA 2.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/)
Figure 8.2. Lizzie Borden (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lizzie_borden.jpg) is in the public domain (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_domain)
Figure 8.5. Cover page of 1550 edition of Machiavelli’s Il Principe and La Vita di Castruccio Castracani da Lucca by RJC (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Machiavelli_Principe_Cover_Page.jpg) is in the public domain (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_domain)
Figure 8.6. Inside one of the prison buildings at Presidio Modelo by Friman (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Presidio-modelo2.JPG) used under CC BY SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en)
Figure 8.11. Cover scan of a Famous Crimes by Fox Features Syndicate (http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Famous_Crimes_54893.JPG) is in the public domain (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_domain)
Figure 8.14. Kingston ON – Dominion Penitentiary by R Orville Lyttle (https://www.flickr.com/photos/26476116@N04/10603802374/) used under CC BY SA 2.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/)
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