Conclusion 3. Impact on student outcomes is inconclusive

Some statistically significant correlations between student outcomes (i.e. achievement and satisfaction) measures and HOQAS standards, were detected, the majority of which would be considered weak. For some standards, a moderate effect was detected in one reference period. As well, there was no uniformity in terms of the nature of the correlations (i.e. some were positive, some were negative). The difficulty in interpreting the conflicting results between reference periods was due to the overall small number of reviews conducted as well as the major change in SCF survey structure between reference periods. Thus, the relationship between the HOQAS standards and student outcomes was inconclusive, making it difficult to determine what the impact would be should the HOQAS standards be met.