4.8 References & Media Attributions

A look at First Nations prohibition of alcohol. (October 20, 2016). Indigenous Corporate Training Inc. https://www.ictinc.ca/blog/first-nations-prohibition-of-alcohol

All About Canadian History (April 25, 2017). The rise and fall of prohibition in Canada (Part one). https://cdnhistorybits.wordpress.com/2017/04/25/temperance-movement-in-canada/

All About Canadian History (May 9, 2017). The rise and fall of prohibition in Canada (Part two). https://cdnhistorybits.wordpress.com/2017/05/09/prohibitionin-canada/

Belshaw, J. (2016). Chapter 7.7 Temperance & prohibition. In Canadian History: Post-confederation. Victoria, B.C.: BCCampus. https://opentextbc.ca/postconfederation/chapter/7-7-temperance-and-prohibition/

Boyce, C. (1923). Prohibition in Canada. The Annuals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 109, 225-229. https://doi.org/10.1177/000271622310900125

Brant, M. (1996). Opening the casket: An analysis of alcohol and heroin overdoses – Myths, misattributions, and misunderstandings [Master’s Thesis]. National Library of Canada. https://www.proquest.com/docview/304361519parentSessionId=KokYa60erDZJPsEo7KUZzk2f2Qf1wfTEZAryxquJgms%3D&pq-origsite=primo&accountid=14789

British Columbia. (n.d.). Federal head tax. https://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/governments/multiculturalism-anti-racism/chinese-legacy-bc/history/discrimination/federal-head-tax

Cambridge Dictionary. (n.d.). Fear mongering. https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/fearmongering

Campbell, R. (2008). Making sober citizens – The legacy of Indigenous alcohol regulation in Canada, 1777-1985. Journal of Canadian Studies, 42(1), 105-126. https://doi.org/10.3138/jcs.42.1.105

Canada. (August 2, 2023). Exclusion of Chinese Immigrants (1923-1947) National historic event. https://parks.canada.ca/culture/designation/evenement-event/exclusion-chinois-chinese

Canada Department of Trade and Commerce. (1939). The control and sale of liquor in Canada. Ottawa: Government of Canada. https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2019/statcan/63-202/CS63-202-1938-eng.pdf

Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research. (November 19, 2015). Professor Susan Boyd: An illustrated history of Canadian drug policy & prohibition [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/3tF2gp2QgF0

Canadian Drug Policy Coalition (CDPC). (May 4, 2021). History of drug policy in Canada. https://www.drugpolicy.ca/about/history/.

Dupre, R & Vencatachellum. (March 2005). Canadians and prohibition – An analysis of the 1898 referendum. http://web.hec.ca/scse/articles/Vencatachellum.pdf

Eberts, D. (February 2007). To brew or not to brew: A brief history of beer in Canada. Manitoba History, 54. http://www.mhs.mb.ca/docs/mb_history/54/beerincanada.shtml

Hallowell, G. (1972). Prohibition in Ontario, 1919-1923. Ontario Historical Society Research Publication No. 2. https://ontariohistoricalsociety.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/6474247219P-Sample.pdf

Hiebet, A. (April 1969). Prohibition in British Columbia [Master’s thesis, Simon Fraser University]. Summit.SFU.ca. http://summit.sfu.ca/item/6133

Hinge, G. (January 25, 1985). Consolidation of Indian Legislation Volume II: Indian Acts and Amendments, 1868-1975. Department of Indian and Northern Affairs. https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2017/aanc-inac/R5-158-2-1978-eng.pdf

Kim, S. & Noronha, C. (November 3, 2018). The racist history behind Canada’s marijuana prohibition. Huffington Post. https://www.huffpost.com/archive/ca/entry/cannabis-prohibitions-racist-history_a_23578961#:~:text=Chinese%2DCanadians%20were%20the%20target%20of%20early%20anti%2Ddrug%20laws.&text=James%20Pon%2C%2088%2C%20still%20has,mother%20and%20himself%20in%201922.

Laurier. (November 24, 2020). Vancouver anti-Asian riots of 1907 and the parallels to Canada’s modern-day racial divide. https://www.wlu.ca/news/spotlights/2020/nov/vancouver-anti-asian-riots-of-1907-and-the-parallels-to-canadas-modern-day-racial-divide.html

Malleck, D. (1997). “It’s baneful influences are too well known”: Debates over drug use in Canada, 1867-1908. CBMH/BCHM, 14, 263-288. https://www.utpjournals.press/doi/pdf/10.3138/cbmh.14.2.263

Malleck, D. (2015). When good drugs go bad: Opium, medicine, and the origins of Canada’s drug laws.  https://www.ubcpress.ca/asset/9359/1/9780774829199.pdf

Mallack, D., (August 3, 2018). What alcohol prohibition can teach us about the legalization of cannabis. The Globe & Mail. https://www.theglobeandmail.com/opinion/article-prohibition-then-and-now/

Malleck, D. (August 12, 2018). The influence of opium and cocaine panic in Canadian drug policy. The Conversation. https://theconversation.com/the-influence-of-opium-and-cocaine-panic-in-canadian-drug-policy-99910

Martel, M. (2014). Canada the good: A short history of vice since 1500. Wilfred Laurier University Press.  https://tinyurl.com/ykfdma5e

McGregor, A. & Zalken, A. (2019). The dominion alliance for the total suppression of the liquor traffic fonds. The United Church of Canada Archives. https://catalogue.unitedchurcharchives.ca/downloads/the-dominion-alliance-for-the-total-suppression-of-the-liquor-traffic-fonds-2.pdf

Merriam-Webster. (2021). Temperance. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/temperance

Ministry of Government and Consumer Services. (n.d.). Canadian Women’s Christian Temperance Union. Government of Ontario Archives. http://www.archives.gov.on.ca/en/microfilm/temperance.aspx

Moffit, L. (1932). Control of the liquor traffic in Canada. The Annals of the American Academy of Political Science, 163(1), 188-196. https://www.jstor.org/stable/i242768

Murphy, E. (1922). The black candle. Thomas Allen. https://open.library.ubc.ca/viewer/chungpub/1.0056290#p330z-4r360f

Oxford Scholarship Online. (1998). Morality and the market in Victorian Britain. https://oxford.universitypressscholarship.com/view/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198206989.001.0001/acprof-9780198206989-chapter-10

Pearson, C. (November 22, 2014). From the vault: Prohibition. Windsor Star.  https://windsorstar.com/life/from-the-vault-prohibition/

Prohibition in Canada. (n.d.a). Prohibition timeline.   https://prohibitionincanada.blogspot.com/p/prohibition-timeline.html

Prohibition in Canada. (n.d.b). Questions about prohibition.  https://prohibitionincanada.blogspot.com

Schweighofer, A. (1988). The Canadian Temperance Movement: Contemporary parallels. Canadian Journal of Law and Society / Revue Canadienne Droit Et Société, 3, 175-193. https://doi.org/10.1017/S082932010000137X

Searle, G. (1998). Morality and the market in Victorian Britain. Oxford Scholarship Online. https://oxford.universitypressscholarship.com/view/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198206989.001.0001/acprof-9780198206989-chapter-10

Sheehan, N. (2006). Women’s Christian Temperance Union in Canada. The Canadian Encyclopedia. https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/womans-christian-temperance-union

Spence, B. (September 1923). Prohibitory legislation in Canada. The Annuals of the American Academy of Political and Social Sciences, 109, 230-264. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1015013

The University of British Columbia. (n.d.). The Black Candle. UBC Library Open Collections: The Chung Collection. https://open.library.ubc.ca/viewer/chungpub/1.0056290#p330z-4r360f

Media Attributions

Alberta WCTU. (November 1, 2008). First Alberta Provincial WCTU convention, Olds, Alberta [Photograph]. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:WCTUAlberta.jpg

Allen, T. (November 23, 2021). BlackCandle.jpg [Photograph]. Wikimedia Commons. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:BlackCandle.jpg

Bentley Historical Library. (September 2017). “Help me to keep him pure” temperance poster; HS6028 [Photograph]. Bentley Image Bank. https://quod.lib.umich.edu/b/bhl/x-hs6028/HS6028?auth=world;lasttype=boolean;lastview=reslist;resnum=3924;size=50;sort=m_flm;start=3901;subview=detail;view=entry;rgn1=ic_all;q1=bhl 

Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research (CISUR). (November 19, 2015). Professor Susan Boyd: An illustrated history of Canadian drug policy & prohibition [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/3tF2gp2QgF0

CBC Digital Archives. (April 13, 1978). Crooked cops and blind pigs: A history of prohibition [Video]. https://www.cbc.ca/player/play/1537831743/

darvinsantos. (n.d.). Halloween Day of the Dead [Photograph]. Pixabay. https://pixabay.com/photos/halloween-day-of-the-dead-you-cheer-683170/

Evans, M. & Gray, M. (October 14, 2015). Temperance song sheet music cover by M.Evans.PNG [Photograph]. Wikimedia Commons. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Temperance_song_sheet_music_cover_by_M.Evans.PNG

Karsh, Y. (December 6, 2014). William Lyon Mackenzie King [Photograph]. Wikimedia Commons.  https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:William_Lyon_Mackenzie_King_1942.jpg

Lewis, J. (2022). Emily Murphy Portrait [Inside jacket photograph] in The Black Candle Book (1922). Thomas Allen.

Provincial Archives of Alberta. (November 6, 2016). World’s Women’s Christian Temperance Union Certificate awarded to Louise McKinney [Photograph]. Wikimedia Commons. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:World%27s_Women%27s_Christian_Temperance_Union_Certificate_awarded_to_Louise_McKinney_(27131479155).jpg

TRU, Open Learning. (December 15, 2015). Dr. Craig Heron Question 5 – Prohibition and regulation of liquor [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/UBvD3TVdAqs

Vancouver Public Library Historical Photographs. (November 7, 2016). Chinatown riot VPL 940 [Photograph]. Wikimedia Commons. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chinatown_riot_VPL_940_(10463603965).jpg

Wikimedia Commons. (January 25, 2011). Detroit police prohibition [Photograph]. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Detroit_police_prohibition.jpg

York University – Faculty of Liberal Arts and Professional Studies. (November 23, 2010). Prohibition in Canada: Prof. Marcel Martel [Video]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7dNw6o17UJI

Cover Photo: Jeangagnon. (April 2017). Raid at elk lake.jpg [Photograph]. Wikimedia Commons. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Raid_at_elk_lake.jpg