10.9 Key Terms
Key Terms
- Automated Storage and Retrieval Systems (AS/RS) are computer-controlled systems that automatically store and retrieve materials from designated locations, improving speed, accuracy, and efficiency in warehouses or distribution centers.
- Cross-docking is a technique used to minimize storage requirements and expedite the delivery process.
- Ergonomics addresses physical capabilities and limitations in the workplace.
- Facility Layout: The arrangement of physical spaces, resources, and workflows within an organization to optimize operational efficiency, reduce costs, and improve customer satisfaction.
- Fixed-Position Layout: A layout strategy used for large, heavy, or immobile products where the product remains stationary, and workers, materials, and equipment are brought to it.
- Human Factors focuses on cognitive aspects of work.
- Hybrid Layout: A combination of product and process layouts used when organizations need both efficiency and flexibility.
- Material Handling Costs: The total cost associated with the movement, storage, and management of materials within a facility. This includes labour, equipment, transportation, insurance, and damage costs. Efficient layouts aim to minimize these costs to improve profitability.
- Process Layout: A layout where similar functions or activities are grouped together, allowing flexibility to handle a wide range of products or services in low-volume, high-variety environments. Common in hospitals, banks, and custom manufacturing.
- Product Layout: A manufacturing layout where equipment and workstations are arranged in a linear sequence based on the production steps. Best suited for high-volume, low-variety products like automobiles or electronics.
- Office Relationship Chart is an office layout planning tool that visually represents how the work of one employee affects others.
- Takt Time: The maximum amount of time available to produce one unit based on customer demand.
- Work Cell Layout: An arrangement of machines, tools, and workers into self-contained units dedicated to producing a single product or group of similar products. Often designed in a U-shape to reduce movement and improve teamwork, communication, and productivity.
