18 Ovaries and Testes

The ovaries and testes represent the gonads of the human anatomy which produce gametes for reproduction. However, these organs also produce several hormones pertinent to homeostasis. View the image below to discern between the male and female endocrine glands:

Ovaries:

The ovaries, paired oval structures produce estrogens and progesterone (cholesterol based lipid hormones). These hormones, along with follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone from the anterior pituitary regulate the menstrual cycle. Also, these hormones facilitate enlargement of breasts, widening of hips and other secondary sex characteristics for women during puberty.

Testes:

The testes, oval glands which lie in the scrotum produce testosterone, an androgen or male sex hormone (a cholesterol based lipid hormone). Testosterone regulates sperm production, and similarly facilitates development of secondary sex characteristics during puberty.