Footnotes (2.13)

Footnotes can appear either in the footer of the page where they are first mentioned (2.13), or starting on a new page after the references with the heading “Footnotes” at the top of the page, centered and in bold font. When they appear on their own page at the end of an essay or assignment, they are called “endnotes“. There are specific formatting requirements for footnotes. These are found in section 2.13 of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (the Publication Manual):

• Number footnotes consecutively, in the order in which their callouts appear in the text.
• Use Arabic numbers, e.g.: 1, 2, 3, etc.
• The footnote callout number must be the same as the number that appears with the footnoted text.
• Footnotes are superscripted, e.g.:^.1
• Footnotes can follow any punctuation mark except a dash. A footnote callout that follows a dash is always placed before the dash, e.g.: like this2-
• If a footnote is used in a sentence enclosed in parentheses, the footnote appears inside the parentheses, e.g.:
• Do not put a space before a footnote callout.
• Do not place footnote callouts in headings.
• To refer to a footnote that has already been called out, identify it by number in the text, e.g.: “see Footnote 2”.

Sources

American Psychological Association. (2020). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association: The official guide to APA style. (7th ed.).