Fingerprint Characteristics

A pattern that looks like a blend of the various types of patterns seen. It can consist of up to three deltas, may contain a core, and predominantly appears to be a mix of an arch and a loop.

A pattern type in which the friction ridges would appear to enter on one side of the impression and flow or tend to flow out the other side with a rise or wave in the centre. This pattern is an example of a first-level fingerprint detail.

The point at which one friction ridge divides into two friction ridges. This minutia is an example of a second-level fingerprint detail.

An uninterrupted friction ridge that continues until there is a ridge ending.

The core is the approximate centre of the fingerprint impression, where the friction ridges converge.

The point on a friction ridge at or nearest to the point of divergence of two type lines, and located at or directly in front of the point of divergence.

A whorl-like pattern witnessed by the intertwining of two loops oriented in opposing orientations that result in a whirlpool like pattern.

This type of minutiae describes a single friction ridge that begins, continues for a short distance longer than the width, and then ends, disconnected on both ends. This minutia is an example of a second-level fingerprint detail.

This minutia illustrates two bifurcations adjacent and facing one another to form a ‘bubble-like’ enclosure. It is formed by a single friction ridge that bifurcates and rejoins after a short course and continues as a single friction ridge. This minutia is an example of a second-level fingerprint detail.

A fingerprint pattern type where the ridges enter from one side, curve up and around and flow back out the side it entered. There is always one delta present in the loop pattern type. This pattern is an example of a first-level fingerprint detail.

Individualistic details of various levels that are observed within a fingerprint and are used to individually characterize the fingerprint in question and be used for inclusion and exclusion purposes.

This minutiae describes a small segment of a friction ridge that is the same size as a ridge unit. This minutia is an example of a second-level fingerprint detail.

This minutia illustrates an abrupt end to a continuous ridge path. This is an example of a second-level fingerprint detail.

Voided or disrupted regions of a friction ridge pattern along a ridge path that are caused by folds or injuries. These details are often consistent through several adjacent friction ridge paths.

This pattern appears to be a fusion of a loop and arch pattern. Here a loop like peak is seen, but the recurve does not occur resulting in a steep arch

A fingerprint pattern type where the friction ridges make a complete circuit around the centre of the fingerprint. This pattern consists of two deltas, one on either side of the core, which is encircled by multiple concentric circular ridge patterns. This pattern is an example of a first-level fingerprint detail.