Overview:

• Gas exchange
• Regulation of blood pH
• Air filtration
• Smell and Speech
• Straining

Divisions:

Functional divisions:

• Conduction zone- allows air to come and move out and helps with the removal of pathogens
• Respiratory zone- site of gas exchange

Anatomical divisions:

• Upper respiratory tract- outside of thorax (Ex: nose, parts of pharynx, and larynx)
• Lower respiratory tract- within the thorax (Ex: trachea, bronchi, lungs, alveoli)
• Accessory structures- (Ex: oral cavity, rib cage, and respiratory muscles)

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Upper respiratory tract

Pharynx (throat)

Regions of Pharynx:

• Nasopharynx- a pathway for only air
• Oropharynx- a pathway for air and food
• Larynopharynx- a pathway for air and food

Where are the regions located?