References and Attributions

References

ESCR-NET. (n.d.). Information on export credit agencies and human rights. https://www.escr-net.org/resources/information-export-credit-agencies-and-human-rights.

Financely. (2023). Understanding export credit agencies in trade finance: A comprehensive guide. https://blog.financely-group.com/understanding-export-credit-agencies-in-trade-finance/

FITT. (2023). FITTskills: International Trade Finance (7.3 ed). Forum for International Trade Training.

Forbes India. (2024, May 6). The 10 largest banks in the world in 2024. https://www.forbesindia.com/article/explainers/the-10-largest-banks-in-the-world/86967/1

Goldzimer, A. (2003). Worse than the World Bank? Export credit agencies—The secret engine of globalization [PDF]. Backgrounder, 9(1). https://www.escr-net.org/sites/default/files/Worse_than_the_World_Bank.pdf

Jazib, M. (2024, January 29). Top 10 largest banks in the world 2024. Jagranjosh.com. https://www.jagranjosh.com/general-knowledge/list-of-largest-banks-in-the-world-1706509334-1

Jimenea, A., Wu, J. & Terris, H., (2024, April 30). The world’s largest banks by assets, 2024. S&P Global. https://www.spglobal.com/marketintelligence/en/news-insights/research/the-worlds-largest-banks-by-assets-2024

Krauss, R. M. (2011). The role and importance of export credit agencies [PDF]. Minerva Program. The Institute of Brazilian Business and Public Management Issues. George Washington University, Washington, D.C. https://www2.gwu.edu/~ibi/minerva/Fall2011/Raquel.pdf

Attributions

“21.1 The Global Financial System” is adapted from “Econ 2302 Notes: Global Finance” by Amy S. Glenn, licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 3.0.

“Did You Know? The Bank of Canada” is adapted from “Chapter 7: Money and Banking” in Introduction to Business by Seneca College, licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.

“21.2 Types of International Financial Institutions” is adapted from the following:

• “Econ 2302 Notes: Global Finance” by Amy S. Glenn, licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 3.0.
• “Chapter 7: Money and Banking” in Introduction to Business by Seneca College, licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.

Figure 21.2: The Financial Intermediation Process is reused from””15.3 U.S. Financial Institutions” in Introduction to Business by OpenStax – Rice University, licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.

“Did You Know? History of Financial Institutions in Canada” is adapted from the following:

• “8.3 Capital Markets” in Canadian History: Post-Confederation by Robert Sweeny, Dept. of History, Memorial University of Newfoundland, licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.
• “1.1 What Is Finance?” from Principles of Finance by OpenStax – Rice University, licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.

“21.3 Role of Canadian Banks in International Markets” is adapted from “Chapter 7: Money and Banking” in Introduction to Business by Seneca College, licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.

“Role of ECAs: An Example from the Mining Industry” is adapted from “Finance: Big players behind the scenes” by Arne Jungjohann, published by Heinrich Böll Stiftung, 18 November 2015, licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 Deed.

“Did You Know? Export Credit Agencies and Human Rights” is adapted from “Information on Export Credit Agencies and Human Rights” by ESCR-Net – International Network for Economic, Social & Cultural Rights, licensed under CC BY-NC 4.0 Deed.

Chapter Opening Photo: “Financial Services” by Nick Youngson is available on Pix4free.org, under a CC BY-SA 3.0 license.