References and Attributions

References

Brock, J. (2019, July 19).How international trade correlates to gross domestic product. PCB Blog. https://www.pcbusa.com/post/international-trade-gross-domestic-product

Bruneau, G., Leboeuf, M. & Nolin, G. (2017). Canada’s international investment position: Benefits and potential vulnerabilities [PDF]. Financial System Review. Bank of Canada. https://www.bankofcanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/fsr-june17-bruneau.pdf

Pugel, T. A. (2020). International economics, (17th ed.). McGraw-Hill, 2020.

Attributions

“17.1 International Economics and Trade Finance” is adapted from [Add attribution for Kenrick’s Chapter 1] in “International Trade and Finance, Part 1,” by Kenrick Jordan, published by Conestoga College Open Learning in 2024, and is used under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International license.

“17.3 Balance of Payment and its Components” is adapted from “Open Economy Macroeconomics: Capital Flows” by “Boundless Economics,” licensed under CC BY-NC-SA, except where otherwise noted, and shared on Course Sidekick.

“17.4 Calculating the Current Account, Financial Account, and Capital Account” is adapted from “Open Economy Macroeconomics: Capital Flows” by “Boundless Economics,” licensed under CC BY-NC-SA, except where otherwise noted, and shared on Course Sidekick.

“17.5 Reasons for a Zero Balance” is adapted from “Open Economy Macroeconomics: Capital Flows” by “Boundless Economics,” licensed under CC BY-NC-SA, except where otherwise noted, and shared on Course Sidekick.

“Table 17.1: The Canadian Balance of Payments, 2016 (Billions of Canadian $)” is reused from Table 12.1 in “12.1: The balance of payments,” in Principles of Macroeconomics, which is shared under a CC BY-NC-SA license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Douglas Curtis and Ian Irvine (Lyryx).

“Canada’s Balance of Payment in Historical Context” is adapted from “10.2 Trade Balances in Historical and International Context” in Principles of Macroeconomics 3e, by Shapiro, MacDonald & Greenlaw. Copyright Rice University, OpenStax, used under CC-BY 4.0 license. Access “Principles of Macroeconomics” for free.

“Table 17.2 Level and Balance of Trade” is reused from Table 10.4 in “10.2 Trade Balances in Historical and International Context,” Principles of Macroeconomics 3e, by Shapiro, MacDonald & Greenlaw. Copyright Rice University, OpenStax, used under CC-BY 4.0 license.  Access “Principles of Macroeconomics” for free.

Chapter Opening Photo: “Business newspaper article” by AbsolutVision is used under the Unsplash license.