References

Cynthia Hammond RN, BScN, MN(ACNP), Professor, Mohawk College, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Melissa Knoops RN, BScN, MA, Professor, Mohawk College, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Marie Morin RN, BScN, MN, CCSNE, Professor, Mohawk College, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Mozhgan Peiravi RN, BScN, MScN, DNP, Professor, Mohawk College, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; John Pilla RN, BSc, MN, CCSNE, Professor, Mohawk College, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Shelley Samwel RN, BSN, MN, PhD (c), Professor, Mohawk College, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Jennifer Stockdale RN, BScN, MScN Professor, Mohawk College, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Participant & Observer Roles

References

Cowperthwait, A. (2020). NLN/jeffries simulation framework for simulated participant methodology. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 42, 12-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2019.12.009.

INACSL Standards Committee, Bowler, F., Klein, M., & Wilford, A. (2021). Healthcare simulation standards of best practiceTM Professional Integrity. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 58, 45-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2021.08.014.

INACSL Standards Committee, Molloy, M., Holt, J., Charnetski, M., & Rossler, K. (2021). Healthcare Simulation Standards of Best PracticeTM Simulation Glossary. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 58, 57-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2021.08.017.

Jeffries, P. R. (2016). The NLN Jeffries Simulation Theory. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer.

O’Regan, S., Molloy, E., Watterson, L., & Nestel, D. (2016). Observer roles that optimize learning in healthcare simulation education: A systematic review. Advances in Simulation, 1(4). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41077-016-0004-3

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Faculty Simulation Toolkit Copyright © by Cynthia Hammond RN, BScN, MN(ACNP), Professor, Mohawk College, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada ; Melissa Knoops RN, BScN, MA, Professor, Mohawk College, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada ; Marie Morin RN, BScN, MN, CCSNE, Professor, Mohawk College, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada ; Mozhgan Peiravi RN, BScN, MScN, DNP, Professor, Mohawk College, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada ; John Pilla RN, BSc, MN, CCSNE, Professor, Mohawk College, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada ; Shelley Samwel RN, BSN, MN, PhD (c), Professor, Mohawk College, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada ; and Jennifer Stockdale RN, BScN, MScN Professor, Mohawk College, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada  is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.

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