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Participant & Observer Roles

Learning Objectives

  1. Define and distinguish the roles of participants in simulation-based experiences.
  2. Identify the roles and responsibilities of observers.
  3. Discuss and define role of standardized patients (SPs).

Summary Key Points

  • Participants are learners who engage in simulation-based activity for mastering professional knowledge, skills, and attitudes.
  • Embedded Simulation Participant is a role assigned in a simulation encounter to help guide the scenario.
  • Compliance with INACSL Healthcare Simulation Standards is essential to prevent outcomes such as ineffective assessments, restricted participant engagement, and potential discomfort for participants.
  • NLN Jeffries Simulation Theory identifies key participant variables which includes age, gender, readiness to learn, personal goals, and cognitive load.
  • Well-planned simulation structures correlate with participant experiences and stakeholder objectives, providing diverse learning opportunities.
  • Observer roles, either directed or non-directed, offer valuable learning outcomes when actively engaged.
  • Factors influencing satisfaction and learning outcomes in observer roles include role clarity, use of tools, and inclusion in debriefing.
  • Maximize SBE learning with SPs by briefing participants on SP involvement, enhancing fidelity, and fostering patient-centered feedback, communication, and ethical awareness.

License

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Faculty Simulation Toolkit Copyright © by Cynthia Hammond RN, BScN, MN(ACNP), Professor, Mohawk College, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada ; Melissa Knoops RN, BScN, MA, Professor, Mohawk College, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada ; Marie Morin RN, BScN, MN, CCSNE, Professor, Mohawk College, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada ; Mozhgan Peiravi RN, BScN, MScN, DNP, Professor, Mohawk College, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada ; John Pilla RN, BSc, MN, CCSNE, Professor, Mohawk College, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada ; Shelley Samwel RN, BSN, MN, PhD (c), Professor, Mohawk College, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada ; and Jennifer Stockdale RN, BScN, MScN Professor, Mohawk College, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada  is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.

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