8.2 The Elements of Argumentation
In this section, we will work on the key structural elements of a successful argument.
Here is a summarized breakdown:
1. A Clear Thesis Statement
- The argument must present a focused and arguable claim (not just a fact).
- The argument should reflect the author’s position and preview the context where the argument is applicable.
2. A Logical Organization
(Summarized review of the content from Chapter 3)
A successful argument must include the following elements, without which it would be incomplete:
Introduction: This is where the author establishes a context and presents his/her thesis.
Body Paragraphs: Each of these should focus on a single supporting point and must begin with a topic sentence, include credible evidence (studies, statistics, scholarly opinions), and analyze and explain how the evidence supports the author’s claim.
Conclusion: It reinforces the author’s argument and suggests broader implications or a call to action.
3. Strong Evidence
When you can, use peer-reviewed sources, case studies, or historical examples. (Remember to always cite sources properly using an assigned academic format (APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.).
4. Counterarguments & Refutations
It is advisable to address opposing views to show awareness of the debate which the argument is subject to.
This is also the academic analyst’s or the author’s opportunity to provide thoughtful rebuttals to strengthen their positions.
5. Clarity and Formal Tone
Always avoid vague language or emotional appeals and maintain an academic voice. Your sentences must express an objective, concise, and focused assessment of the argument or idea being refuted, analyzed, or incorporated.
6. Cohesion and Transitions
Use transitional phrases to link ideas and paragraphs smoothly and make sure the argument flows logically and is easy to follow. Your instructor has given you a lot of information covering these important elements of paragraph building.
