6.3 Impacts
Key Shifts in Curriculum Design

We will need to integrate AI Literacy very early in our school. Countries like Singapore and the UAE are introducing AI concepts in primary education, with an emphasis on ethical use and societal impact. However, we cannot abandon those students who have made it to college and are now caught between zero AI literacy (which they never acquired in their primary years of education) and the current state of Artificial Intelligence’s evolution, which demands a greater specific Literacy from people all over the world.
We will need to teach Prompt Engineering, where students must learn how to communicate effectively with AI tools, thereby sharpening both their language and logic skills.
We will also have to embed Critical Thinking across all subjects in post-secondary education. AI literacy shouldn’t be siloed in tech classes. Literature, history, and social studies can use AI tools to analyze bias, misinformation, and ethical dilemmas.
We must ensure that our future generations continue to prioritize Human-Centred Skills.
Creativity, empathy, and moral reasoning are irreplaceable. These must be promoted and emphasized alongside a prudent and intelligently employed AI fluency.
Addressing Risks
Of the greatest importance in all curricular approaches is avoiding cognitive offloading. Recent studies have shown that students who rely heavily on AI tools may experience reduced engagement and poorer memory retention. This, coupled with the negative effects of social media on cognitive acquisition and development, is the basis for an urgent call to action that will be formulated in Chapter 7.
Case Study Examples
Cases of Positive Interaction Between Human and AI Reasoning
Healthcare
- Case Study 1: At Moorfields Eye Hospital in the UK, a group of Ophthalmologists interacted with AI to analyze 5,000 eye scans per week. It was determined that AI produced a 94% diagnostic accuracy, whereas the human-only intervention produced a 65% diagnostic accuracy (Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, 2019; University College London, 2023).
- Case study 2: At the Mayo Clinic and IBM Watson, Oncologists determined the existence of Cancer in several patients. AI suggested personalized cancer treatments. This suggestion improved survival rates and reduced side effects (Madson, 2018; Gallagher, 2024).
- Case Study 3: At the George Eliot Hospital in the UK, Radiologists examined CT scans and asked for AI input. AI compared the CT scans for cancer, leading to a 27% increase in early-stage detection (NHS England, 2025).
These examples demonstrate how AI can augment, rather than replace, human expertise. Doctors interpret AI outputs, apply ethical judgment, and communicate with patients.
Using external aids—like notes, calendars, calculators, or apps—to store information or perform mental steps so your brain doesn’t have to, thereby reducing the load on working memory and attention (e.g., writing a to-do list, following GPS instead of memorizing directions).
Source: OpenAI. (2025). ChatGPT 5. [Large language model]. https://chat.openai.com/chat
Prompt: Provide a brief definition of the term "cognative offloading" which can be used in a glossary for a book