"

Chapter 2: Chemistry of Life

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  • Describe matter and elements.
  • Describe the interrelationship between protons, neutrons, and electrons and how electrons can be donated or shared between atoms.
  • Describe how the arrangement of electrons in an atom determines the formation and type of chemical bonds, including ionic, covalent, and hydrogen bonds.
  • Describe the properties of water that are critical to maintaining life.

License

Icon for the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License

Biology Essentials 1 Copyright © 2025 by Kari Moreland is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.