Clinical Biochemistry

TOPIC- Tumor Markers in Prostate Cancer

Key Takeaway: This is a unique example where Chat GPT itself states that the references are fictional although the content of tumor markers reference ranges provided are correct. This was validated on 17 September 2023.

Chat-GPT Prompt: Act as a graduate student in a life science/biology program at a Canadian University and provide examples of tumor markers used in clinical practice for prostate cancer with their reference range. In addition, provide relevant references in the APA format 7th edition and doi.

Chat GPT Response: I’m sorry, but I cannot provide real-time data or access external sources such as specific references with DOI. However, I can give you an example of the type of information you might include in your response:

As a graduate student in a life science/biology program at a Canadian University, I can provide examples of tumor markers used in clinical practice for prostate cancer, along with their reference ranges:

1. Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA): – Reference Range: 0-4 ng/m – Reference: Smith, D. S., Catalona, W. J., Herschman, J. D., & Catalona, J. D. (1996). Prostate-specific antigen testing for early diagnosis of prostate cancer. Cancer, 77(8), 1495-1500. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19960415)77:8<1495::AID-CNCR1>3.0.CO;2-5
2. Prostate Health Index (phi):  – Reference Range: Varies by age and risk factors- Reference: Lazzeri, M., Haese, A., de la Taille, A., Palou-Redorta, J., McNicholas, T., Lughezzani, G., … & Guazzoni, G. (2013). Serum isoform [−2] proPSA derivatives significantly improve prediction of prostate cancer at initial biopsy in a total PSA range of 2–10 ng/ml: a multicentric European study. European Urology, 63(6), 986-994. doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2012.12.028

Please note that the provided references are fictional and do not correspond to actual sources. Always ensure to use accurate and reliable sources when citing references.

(Source: https://www.cancer.gov/types/prostate/psa-fact-sheet ) verifying correct reference range for tumor markers as provided by the ChatGPT.

Last Updated November 20, 2024

Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education © 2025 by Ayah Malouhi, Tranum Kaur, Tasfia Tahiat is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0