After completing this module, you will be able to:

•  Differentiate between closed-ended and open-ended survey questions, identifying the advantages and disadvantages associated with each format.
•  Apply Fink’s (2017) guidelines for survey creation, including the importance of conceptualization and operationalization of research variables in the development of effective survey questions.
•  Explain the three types of rating scales (categorical, ordinal, and numerical) and their application in measuring attitudes, perceptions, and behaviors in surveys.
•  Design a well-structured survey, including considerations for question sequencing, formatting, and pre-testing to ensure clarity, logical flow, and respondent engagement.